Hoppins Suzanne, Lackner Laura L, Lee Jason E, Mears Jason A
Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States.
Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States.
Methods Cell Biol. 2020;155:491-518. doi: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2019.11.010. Epub 2019 Dec 10.
Mitochondria are required for cell survival and are best known for their role in energy production. These organelles also participate in many other biological processes that are critical for cellular function, and thus, play a central role in cellular life and death decisions. In a majority of cell types, mitochondria form highly dynamic, reticular networks. Maintaining the shape of these complex, ever-changing networks is critical for mitochondrial and cellular function, and requires the conserved activities of mitochondrial fission and fusion. Great advances in our knowledge about the molecular machines that mediate these dynamic activities have been made over the past 2 decades. These advances have been driven by the use of highly complementary in vitro and in vivo approaches that have proven extremely powerful for studying the complex membrane remodeling processes that drive fission and fusion of the organelle. In this chapter, we detail current methods used to examine the mechanisms and regulation of mitochondrial fission and fusion in vitro and in vivo.
线粒体是细胞存活所必需的，并且以其在能量产生中的作用而最为人所知。这些细胞器还参与许多其他对细胞功能至关重要的生物学过程，因此，在细胞生死抉择中起着核心作用。在大多数细胞类型中，线粒体形成高度动态的网状网络。维持这些复杂且不断变化的网络的形状对于线粒体和细胞功能至关重要，并且需要线粒体分裂和融合的保守活动。在过去20年里，我们对介导这些动态活动的分子机器的认识取得了巨大进展。这些进展是由使用高度互补的体外和体内方法推动的，这些方法已被证明对于研究驱动细胞器分裂和融合的复杂膜重塑过程极为有效。在本章中，我们详细介绍了目前用于在体外和体内研究线粒体分裂和融合的机制及调控的方法。
