Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Party Committee Office, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Front Public Health. 2020 Feb 28;8:12. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00012. eCollection 2020.
This study aimed to explore the association of occupational stress with fatigue and to examine the mediating role of psychological capital (PsyCap) among Chinese physicians. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Liaoning province, China, in 2018. Using a multistage stratified sampling method, a total of 1,500 physicians participated and 1,104 (73.6%) physicians responded effectively. The study used a self-administered questionnaire consisting of the 14-item Fatigue Scale (FS-14), the Effort-reward Imbalance questionnaire (ERI), the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) and items about demographic and working characteristics. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed to explore the association of occupational stress, PsyCap, and fatigue among physicians. Asymptotic and resampling strategies were used to examine the mediating effect. The incidence of fatigue among Chinese physicians was 83.70%. The average level of fatigue was 7.96 ± 3.95 (mean ± SD). Occupational stress and PsyCap were significantly associated with fatigue. PsyCap significantly mediated the association of ERR ( × = 0.106, bias-corrected and accelerated 95% confidence interval [BCa 95% CI]: 0.078, 0.138) and overcommitment ( × = 0.068, BCa 95% CI: 0.044, 0.092) with fatigue. Two important components of PsyCap, self-efficacy and resilience, play more important roles in the mediating effect. The level of fatigue among Chinese physicians was high, which should be taken seriously by management. PsyCap could mediate the association between occupational stress and fatigue. The intervention strategies and measures to relieve fatigue could be focused on physicians' positive PsyCap improvement.
本研究旨在探讨职业压力与疲劳的关系，并检验心理资本（PsyCap）在我国医生中的中介作用。 2018 年在中国辽宁省进行了一项横断面研究。采用多阶段分层抽样方法，共招募了 1500 名医生，其中 1104 名（73.6%）医生有效应答。研究采用自填式问卷，包括 14 项疲劳量表（FS-14）、努力-回报失衡问卷（ERI）、心理资本问卷（PCQ）以及人口统计学和工作特征项目。采用分层多元回归分析探讨医生职业压力、PsyCap 与疲劳的关系。采用渐近和重抽样策略检验中介效应。 我国医生疲劳的发生率为 83.70%。疲劳的平均水平为 7.96 ± 3.95（均数 ± 标准差）。职业压力和 PsyCap 与疲劳显著相关。PsyCap 显著中介了努力-回报失衡（ × = 0.106，校正和加速 95%置信区间[BCa 95% CI]：0.078，0.138）和过度投入（ × = 0.068，BCa 95% CI：0.044，0.092）与疲劳的关系。 PsyCap 的两个重要组成部分，自我效能感和韧性，在中介效应中起着更重要的作用。 我国医生的疲劳程度较高，应引起管理层的重视。PsyCap 可以中介职业压力与疲劳之间的关系。缓解疲劳的干预策略和措施可以集中在提高医生的积极 PsyCap 上。
