McNair Center for Entrepreneurship and Growth, Rice University, Houston, Texas.
Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2021 Jan;1483(1):80-97. doi: 10.1111/nyas.14324. Epub 2020 Mar 17.
Our current research investigated how mentors enhance protégé self-efficacy. Drawing from social comparison theory, we propose that the shared experience between mentors and protégés facilitates the ability of protégés to adopt the perspective of their mentors. Additionally, the perspective-taking that a protégé engages in enables them to ascribe positive aspects of their mentor (i.e., efficacious beliefs) to themselves. Study 1 (N = 205 adults) and study 2 (N = 204 adults) adopted an experimental design (i.e., vignette study) and study 3 (N = 148 undergraduate management students) adopted a survey design with protégés in an e-mentoring program. Results from all three studies provided evidence for the transfer of efficacy beliefs from the mentor to the protégé. The findings supported the postulation that shared experience between the protégé and mentor facilitates perspective-taking on behalf of the protégé. Although the findings of the experimental studies showed that a protégé's perspective-taking moderated the positive transfer of efficacy beliefs from the mentor to the protégé, the field study failed to replicate this particular finding. Our current research findings have implications for training and developing employees.
我们目前的研究调查了导师如何增强被指导者的自我效能感。借鉴社会比较理论，我们提出导师和被指导者之间的共同经验有助于被指导者采用导师的观点。此外，被指导者进行的换位思考使他们能够将导师的积极方面（即有效信念）归因于自己。研究 1（N=205 名成年人）和研究 2（N=204 名成年人）采用了实验设计（即情景研究），研究 3（N=148 名本科管理专业学生）采用了有电子指导计划参与的被指导者的调查设计。所有三项研究的结果都为从导师到被指导者的效能信念转移提供了证据。研究结果支持了这样一种假设，即被指导者和导师之间的共同经验有助于被指导者进行换位思考。尽管实验研究的结果表明，被指导者的换位思考会调节导师到被指导者的效能信念的正向转移，但实地研究未能复制这一特定发现。我们目前的研究结果对培训和发展员工具有启示意义。
