Dunn W
Occupational Therapy Curricula, University of Kansas, Medical Center, Kansas City.
Am J Occup Ther. 1988 Nov;42(11):718-23. doi: 10.5014/ajot.42.11.718.
Occupational therapy is a related service when provided within the public schools, which means that services must enhance or support educational goals. Three service provision models have been described for school therapists: direct service, monitoring, and consultation. Direct service addresses individualized needs that require specialized intervention strategies which can safely be performed only by the occupational therapist. Monitoring, which is sometimes referred to as integrated programming, uses therapeutic expertise within functional tasks to maximize opportunities for practice and generalization. Consultation addresses problems by enabling others to work more effectively on the educational goals they have set for the students. Evidence is accumulating to demonstrate that each model is effective when chosen and applied appropriately. This paper reviews each model, provides examples of studies that have been conducted, and suggests directions for future research.
职业治疗在公立学校提供时属于相关服务，这意味着服务必须增强或支持教育目标。针对学校治疗师描述了三种服务提供模式：直接服务、监测和咨询。直接服务针对需要专门干预策略的个性化需求，而这些策略只能由职业治疗师安全地执行。监测，有时也称为综合规划，在功能性任务中运用治疗专业知识，以最大限度地增加练习和泛化的机会。咨询通过使其他人更有效地致力于他们为学生设定的教育目标来解决问题。越来越多的证据表明，每种模式在适当选择和应用时都是有效的。本文回顾了每种模式，提供了已进行的研究示例，并提出了未来研究的方向。
