Wills K, Case-Smith J
Clinical Education Coordination, Clover Bottom Developmental Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Am J Occup Ther. 1996 May;50(5):370-9. doi: 10.5014/ajot.50.5.370.
Occupational therapy practice in rural schools is influenced by a number of factors unique to rural settings, such as geographic barriers, cultural diversity, limited access to external resources, and lack of personnel with specialist skills. The purpose of this ethnographic study was to identify the unique experiences of occupational therapists who practice in rural schools and to explore how they perceived their roles in rural schools. Six occupational therapists were interviewed and observed in the field. Analysis of interview data revealed five themes: (a) jack-of-all-trades, which described how the participants viewed themselves as generalists; (b) bridging the span between services, which described their roles in coordinating the students' medical services, which tended to be disjointed; (c) the world can get kind of lonely out there, which described the sources of support seen as reducing their sense of isolation; (d) trust and teaming, which described their attempts to provide an integrated intervention service and the challenges they faced; and (e) I cannot do it all, but I wish I could, which described how they selected their service delivery models to meet the demands of their practice. The participants believed that their work in rural schools required creativity, resourcefulness, and self-reliance. These characteristics, as well as support from their colleagues, were important to coping with the challenges of practice in rural schools.
农村学校的职业治疗实践受到许多农村环境特有的因素影响，如地理障碍、文化多样性、获取外部资源的机会有限以及缺乏具备专业技能的人员。这项人种学研究的目的是确定在农村学校工作的职业治疗师的独特经历，并探讨他们如何看待自己在农村学校中的角色。研究人员对六位职业治疗师进行了访谈，并在实地进行了观察。对访谈数据的分析揭示了五个主题：（a）多面手，描述了参与者如何将自己视为通才；（b）弥合服务跨度，描述了他们在协调学生医疗服务方面的作用，这些服务往往是脱节的；（c）外面的世界可能会有点孤独，描述了被视为减轻他们孤独感的支持来源；（d）信任与合作，描述了他们提供综合干预服务的尝试以及所面临的挑战；（e）我无法事事兼顾，但我希望我能，描述了他们如何选择服务提供模式以满足其实践需求。参与者认为他们在农村学校的工作需要创造力、足智多谋和自力更生。这些特质以及同事的支持对于应对农村学校实践中的挑战很重要。
