Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI (DR, ERA, JSA); Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI (ERA, JSA); Department of Population Health, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS (NLN); Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS (MSM, ARB).
J Addict Med. 2020 Sep/Oct;14(5):e170-e174. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000652.
Cannabis and tobacco dual use is a growing concern in the United States, especially among African Americans (AAs). Dual use increases nicotine dependence and poses negative health effects. Despite decreasing numbers of people who smoke daily, nondaily smokers (NDS) are increasing. Polytobacco use, including blunt use, is higher in AA NDS than AAs who smoke daily. This study examined factors associated with cannabis use among AA NDS.
Adult AA NDS participated in a randomized controlled trial (n = 278) for smoking cessation. A subset of this sample (n = 262; mean age 48.2 years; 50% male) was analyzed to identify correlates of cannabis use. Logistic regression assessed the associations of demographic, smoking-related, and psychosocial variables with cannabis use.
Participants smoked cigarettes on an average of 18 days of the last 30 and used 4.5 cigarettes on smoking days. Of the participants analyzed, 38% used cannabis, including blunts (ie, cigars hollowed out filled with cannabis) at baseline. Cannabis use was associated with polytobacco product use not including blunts (odds ratio [OR] 2.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-3.77, P = 0.012), depressive symptoms (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.05-1.42, P = 0.011), and younger age (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94-0.99, P = 0.004).
Rates of cannabis and tobacco dual use in our sample exceed national rates. Dual use poses harmful health effects that exceed the risk of either substance alone. Findings will inform future work in tailoring treatments to vulnerable groups of people who use both tobacco and cannabis.
在美国，大麻和烟草双重使用的现象越来越令人担忧，尤其是在非裔美国人（AA）中。双重使用会增加尼古丁依赖，并对健康产生负面影响。尽管每天吸烟的人数有所减少，但非吸烟者（NDS）的数量却在增加。与每天吸烟的 AA 相比，AA NDS 的多烟草使用（包括使用雪茄烟）更高。本研究探讨了 AA NDS 中与大麻使用相关的因素。
成年 AA NDS 参与了一项针对戒烟的随机对照试验（n=278）。对该样本的一个子集（n=262；平均年龄 48.2 岁；50%为男性）进行了分析，以确定大麻使用的相关因素。逻辑回归评估了人口统计学、与吸烟相关的和心理社会变量与大麻使用的关联。
参与者在过去 30 天中的平均有 18 天吸烟，在吸烟日平均使用 4.5 支香烟。在分析的参与者中，38%的人在基线时使用大麻，包括雪茄烟（即空心雪茄烟，内填充大麻）。大麻使用与不包括雪茄烟在内的多烟草产品使用相关（比值比[OR]2.11，95%置信区间[CI]1.18-3.77，P=0.012）、抑郁症状（OR 1.22，95%CI 1.05-1.42，P=0.011）和较年轻的年龄（OR 0.97，95%CI 0.94-0.99，P=0.004）。
我们样本中大麻和烟草双重使用的比率高于全国水平。双重使用会造成有害的健康影响，超过了单独使用任何一种物质的风险。研究结果将为针对同时使用烟草和大麻的脆弱人群定制治疗方法提供信息。
