Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China; Battalion one of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army medical university, Chongqing, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 May;125:110010. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110010. Epub 2020 Feb 25.
Skeletal system is a highly dynamic system going through continuous resorption and reconstruction to maintain homeostasis, which is influenced by numerous factors. Once the balance is disrupted, various kinds of bone diseases may occur such as osteoporosis. It has been well known that ATP (adenosine triphosphate), an important signaling molecule, is important in maintaining the dynamic balance of bone matrix. ATP mainly functions through P2X receptors, a kind of ATP receptors expressed by various kinds of bone cells to regulate the whole network of skeleton system. Among P2X receptors, P2X7 plays a crucial role in bone since P2X7 is widely expressed by bone cells and the mutation of P2X7 receptor is associated with kinds of bone diseases. It's acknowledged that P2X7 acts as a potential therapeutic target for clinical treatment of bone-related diseases but further investigations are needed for the practical application. However, since P2X7 has a complicated effect in many aspects, the exact role of P2X7 in skeleton system is ambiguous. This review discusses the function of P2X7 in bone and other cells and their general effect on skeleton system, especially focusing on the possible clinical application for bone diseases.
骨骼系统是一个高度动态的系统，通过不断的吸收和重建来维持体内平衡，这个过程受到许多因素的影响。一旦平衡被打破，就可能会发生各种骨骼疾病，如骨质疏松症。众所周知，三磷酸腺苷（ATP）作为一种重要的信号分子，在维持骨基质的动态平衡中起着重要作用。ATP 主要通过 P2X 受体发挥作用，P2X 受体是一种存在于各种骨细胞中的 ATP 受体，可调节整个骨骼系统网络。在 P2X 受体中，P2X7 在骨骼中起着至关重要的作用，因为 P2X7 广泛存在于骨细胞中，P2X7 受体的突变与多种骨骼疾病有关。目前认为 P2X7 是治疗与骨骼相关疾病的有潜力的治疗靶点，但实际应用仍需要进一步研究。然而，由于 P2X7 在许多方面的作用复杂，其在骨骼系统中的确切作用仍不清楚。本综述讨论了 P2X7 在骨骼和其他细胞中的功能及其对骨骼系统的一般影响，特别是聚焦于骨骼疾病的可能临床应用。
