Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Br J Nutr. 2020 Aug 14;124(3):306-315. doi: 10.1017/S000711452000104X. Epub 2020 Mar 19.
The present study aims to investigate the effect of wholegrain and legume consumption on the incidence of age-related cataract in an older Australian population-based cohort. The Blue Mountains Eye Study (BMES) is a population-based cohort study of eye diseases among older adults aged 49 years or older (1992-1994, n 3654). Of 2334 participants of the second examination of the BMES (BMES 2, 1997-2000), 1541 (78·3 % of survivors) were examined 5 years later (BMES 3) who had wholegrain and legume consumption estimated from the FFQ at BMES 2. Cataract was assessed using photographs taken during examinations following the Wisconsin cataract grading system. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess associations with the 5-year incidence of cataract from BMES 2 (baseline) to BMES 3. The 5-year incidence of cortical, nuclear and posterior subcapsular (PSC) cataract was 18·2, 16·5 and 5·9 %, respectively. After adjustment for age, sex and other factors, total wholegrain consumption at baseline was not associated with incidence of any type of cataract. High consumption of legumes showed a protective association for incident PSC cataract (5th quintile: adjusted OR 0·37; 95 % CI 0·15, 0·92). There was no significant trend of this association across quintiles (P = 0·08). In this older Australian population, we found no associations between wholegrain intake at baseline and the 5-year incidence of three cataract types. However, intake of legumes in the highest quintile, compared with the lowest quintile, may protect against PSC formation, a finding needing replication in other studies.
本研究旨在探讨全谷物和豆类消费对老年澳大利亚人群中年龄相关性白内障发病的影响。蓝山眼研究（Blue Mountains Eye Study，BMES）是一项针对 49 岁及以上老年人眼部疾病的基于人群的队列研究（1992-1994 年，n=3654）。在 BMES 第二次检查（BMES 2，1997-2000 年）的 2334 名参与者中，有 1541 名（幸存者的 78.3%）在 5 年后（BMES 3）接受了检查，这些参与者在 BMES 2 时使用 FFQ 估计了全谷物和豆类的摄入量。白内障使用在威斯康星州白内障分级系统下进行的检查期间拍摄的照片进行评估。使用多变量调整的逻辑回归模型评估了与 BMES 2（基线）到 BMES 3 期间的 5 年白内障发病相关的因素。皮质性、核性和后囊下白内障（PSC）的 5 年发病率分别为 18.2%、16.5%和 5.9%。在调整年龄、性别和其他因素后，基线时全谷物的总摄入量与任何类型白内障的发病率无关。豆类的高摄入量与 PSC 白内障的发病呈保护相关性（第 5 五分位数：调整后的 OR 0.37；95%CI 0.15，0.92）。五分位数之间没有显著的趋势（P=0.08）。在这个澳大利亚老年人中，我们没有发现基线时全谷物摄入量与三种白内障类型的 5 年发病率之间存在关联。然而，与最低五分位数相比，最高五分位数的豆类摄入量可能会预防 PSC 的形成，这一发现需要在其他研究中复制。
