B.L. Burtt Extracts Stimulate Diuretic Activity and Regulate the Renal Expression of Aquaporins.

B. L. Burtt is a traditional Chinese medicine. Previous studies in our laboratory showed that alleviated symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a rat model of AD and increased healthy rats' urine volume. The aims of this study were to explore the diuretic activity of different extracts from and to identify the underlying mechanisms of action. Different doses of a extract (CF-L, CF-M, and CF-H) were administered orally to male KM mice in a single dose. In another procedure, (CF), water extract, and 20%, 30%, and 40% ethanol extracts of (CF-WE, CF-20, CF-30, and CF-40) were administered orally daily for 5 days. The urinary excretion rate, osmolality, and electrolyte levels in urine and serum, renal expression of aquaporins (AQPs), apoptosis-related protein, and MAPK-related protein were analyzed. The results showed that single doses of CF-M and CF-H increased urinary volume significantly, as well as daily administration of CF, CF-WE, CF-20, CF-30, and CF-40. Furthermore, CF-20 and CF-30 increased the concentration of Na in the urine. Treatment with CF-40 increased the urine osmolality and Na and Cl concentrations and decreased the concentration of Na in the serum. Also, CF, CF-WE, CF-20, CF-30, and CF-40 decreased the renal expression of AQPs, as well as the ratios of Bcl-2/Bax, p-ERK/ERK, p-JNK/JNK, and p-p38/p38. In sum, the medium and high doses of the extract and CF-WE, CF-20, CF-30, and CF-40 were found to have a diuretic activity. They may inhibit the renal expression of AQPs and apoptosis-related proteins by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway, thereby achieving diuretic effects.