Feng Ya-Long, Chen Hua, Tian Ting, Chen Dan-Qian, Zhao Ying-Yong, Lin Rui-Chao
The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road,Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China.
The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road,Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2014 Jun 11;154(2):386-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.04.017. Epub 2014 Apr 16.
Alismatis rhizoma or Alisma orientale (Zexie in Chinese), the dried rhizome of Alisma orientale Juzepzuk (Alismataceae), is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and is used as an agent for diuresis and for excreting dampness in Asia and Europe. In this paper, we report the diuretic activities of the ethanol extract (EE) and the aqueous extract (AE) of A. rhizoma (AR).
The EE and AE were orally administered to rats. The urinary excretion rate and pH, and electrolyte excretion were measured in the urine of saline-loaded rats.
The results showed that EE could increase the urine output at 2.5, 5 and 10mg/kg doses but decrease the urine output at 20, 40 and 80mg/kg doses compared with the control group. The 5 and 10mg/kg doses of EE increased the urine electrolyte excretion, but the effects on Na(+)/K(+) values were too weak to reach statistical significance. The Na(+) excretion and Cl(-) excretion were markedly decreased with the 20, 40 and 80mg/kg doses of EE, but the effect on K(+) excretion was notably slight. All of the tested doses of AE produced an increase in urinary excretion, but the increase did not reach statistical significance.
This study identified that EE but not AE presents a notable diuretic effect, and EE had diuretic and anti-diuretic effects, which appears to be related to the sodium-chloride co-transporter in the renal distal convoluting tubule. This study demonstrated for the first time that the EE of AR has a dual effect on renal function, including promotion of diuretic activity at lower doses and inhibiting diuretic activity at higher doses, and the AR dose should be given more attention in clinical applications. This study will play a critical and guiding role in the dosing of AR as a diuretic drug in clinical applications.
泽泻，即东方泽泻（Alisma orientale Juzepzuk，泽泻科）的干燥根茎，是一种著名的传统中药，在亚洲和欧洲被用作利尿剂和祛湿剂。在本文中，我们报告了泽泻乙醇提取物（EE）和水提取物（AE）的利尿活性。
将EE和AE口服给予大鼠。测量生理盐水负荷大鼠尿液中的尿排泄率、pH值和电解质排泄量。
结果表明，与对照组相比，EE在2.5、5和10mg/kg剂量时可增加尿量，但在20、40和80mg/kg剂量时可减少尿量。EE的5和10mg/kg剂量可增加尿电解质排泄，但对Na(+)/K(+)值的影响太弱，未达到统计学意义。EE的20、40和80mg/kg剂量可使Na(+)排泄和Cl(-)排泄显著减少，但对K(+)排泄的影响明显轻微。所有测试剂量的AE均使尿排泄增加，但增加未达到统计学意义。
本研究确定EE而非AE具有显著的利尿作用，且EE具有利尿和抗利尿作用，这似乎与肾远曲小管中的氯化钠共转运体有关。本研究首次证明泽泻乙醇提取物对肾功能有双重作用，包括低剂量时促进利尿活性，高剂量时抑制利尿活性，在临床应用中应更关注泽泻的剂量。本研究将对泽泻作为利尿剂在临床应用中的给药起到关键的指导作用。
