Department of Psychology, University of Guelp.
Can J Exp Psychol. 2020 Dec;74(4):346-353. doi: 10.1037/cep0000206. Epub 2020 Mar 19.
Although decades of research have identified robust effects of word frequency (WF) on memory performance, the comparatively smaller body of research examining the impact of WF on judgments of learning (JOLs) has yielded inconsistent findings. The purpose of this brief meta-analytic review is to synthesize the existing literature examining WF effects on JOLs with the aim of clarifying the extent to which such judgments are influenced by WF, and to identify some potential moderators of this effect. In analysing 17 experiments across 6 published and 1 unpublished studies, a small, but reliable effect of WF on JOLs was found (g = .23), with high frequency (HF) words afforded higher JOLs than low frequency (LF) words. There was, however, extensive heterogeneity among the effect sizes, implying that the WF effect on JOLs is subject to the influence of potentially many different moderator variables. The potential implications of this finding for understanding the sources of information that guide JOLs are discussed. In addition, speculation as to potential moderators contributing to the observed heterogeneity is offered, and emphasis is placed on the importance of considering item-level variability when items are nested within the conditions to be contrasted. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
尽管数十年来的研究已经确定了词频（WF）对记忆表现的强大影响，但相对较少的研究考察了 WF 对学习判断（JOL）的影响，这些研究得出的结果并不一致。本简要元分析综述的目的是综合现有的研究文献，考察 WF 对 JOL 的影响，旨在明确此类判断在多大程度上受到 WF 的影响，并确定这种影响的一些潜在调节因素。在分析了 6 项已发表和 1 项未发表的研究中的 17 项实验后，发现 WF 对 JOL 有较小但可靠的影响（g =.23），高频（HF）词比低频（LF）词获得更高的 JOL。然而，效应大小之间存在广泛的异质性，这意味着 WF 对 JOL 的影响受到许多潜在的不同调节变量的影响。讨论了这一发现对理解指导 JOL 的信息来源的潜在意义。此外，还对导致观察到的异质性的潜在调节因素进行了推测，并强调在对条件进行对比时，考虑项目内的可变性对于嵌套在条件内的项目非常重要。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
