Hou Ruoyu, Xu Hui, Gao Yuanxia, Tang Weihai, Liu Xiping
Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Aug 25;14(9):741. doi: 10.3390/bs14090741.
Previous research has shown a clear self-reference effect in our memory. However, the question arises as to whether this effect could extend to higher cognitive domains such as metamemory. Thus, this study examined the effects of different encoding types on judgments of learning (JOLs) and explored the role of beliefs in this process. A one-way (encoding type: semantic, self-referential) within-participants design was employed in Experiment 1, which found no self-reference effect in JOLs. In Experiment 2, we manipulated participants' beliefs to explore their effect on JOLs under different encoding strategies. The results showed that learners' metamemory beliefs about encoding types influence JOLs. Learners who believed that self-referential and semantic encoding had the same memory effect tended to give equal JOLs to both words. However, learners who believed that self-referential encoding had a better memory effect than semantic encoding gave higher JOLs to self-referentially encoded words. The conclusions are as follows: There is no self-reference effect in JOLs, but learners' metamemory beliefs about encoding types influence JOLs.
先前的研究已表明，我们的记忆中存在明显的自我参照效应。然而，问题在于这种效应是否能扩展到诸如元记忆等更高层次的认知领域。因此，本研究考察了不同编码类型对学习判断（JOLs）的影响，并探讨了信念在此过程中的作用。实验1采用了被试内单因素设计（编码类型：语义、自我参照），结果发现JOLs中不存在自我参照效应。在实验2中，我们操纵了被试的信念，以探究其在不同编码策略下对JOLs的影响。结果表明，学习者关于编码类型的元记忆信念会影响JOLs。那些认为自我参照编码和语义编码具有相同记忆效果的学习者，往往会对这两种类型的单词给出相同的JOLs。然而，那些认为自我参照编码比语义编码具有更好记忆效果的学习者，则会对自我参照编码的单词给出更高的JOLs。研究结论如下：JOLs中不存在自我参照效应，但学习者关于编码类型的元记忆信念会影响JOLs。
