Golenbock D T, Guerra J, Pfister J, Golubjatnikov R, Tejada A, Abugattas J, Kemper R, Maki D G
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1988 Dec;4(6):493-9. doi: 10.1089/aid.1988.4.493.
We serologically tested 140 female prostitutes (mean age, 30 years) from the port city of Callao, Peru, for evidence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Chlamydia trachomatis, Treponema pallidum, herpes simplex viruses (HSV) I and II, and hepatitis B virus. The women had worked as prostitutes for an average of 5 years; one-fourth serviced foreign visitors exclusively, mainly sailors. Only 4 women used condoms, and only 1 woman gave a history of parenteral narcotic abuse, although 53% were regularly exposed to unsterile needles outside the medical setting for injections of vitamins, antibiotics, or steroids; another 29% are thought to probably use unsterile needles. None of the 140 prostitutes screened was seropositive for HIV, despite a very high prevalence of antibody to T. pallidum (24%), C. trachomatis (97%), HSV I and II (100%), and hepatitis B (51%); 5% were HbsAg positive. These data indicate that HIV has not yet been introduced into female prostitutes in the Peruvian port city. We believe that widespread use of unsterile needles in developing countries, such as Peru, represents a serious health threat and will amplify the spread of HIV, once introduced.
我们对来自秘鲁港口城市卡亚俄的140名女性性工作者（平均年龄30岁）进行了血清学检测，以确定她们是否感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、沙眼衣原体、梅毒螺旋体、单纯疱疹病毒I型和II型以及乙型肝炎病毒。这些女性从事性工作的平均时长为5年；四分之一的人只接待外国访客，主要是海员。只有4名女性使用避孕套，只有1名女性有注射用麻醉品滥用史，不过53%的人在医疗环境之外经常接触未消毒的针头，用于注射维生素、抗生素或类固醇；另有29%的人可能使用未消毒的针头。在接受筛查的140名性工作者中，没有一人HIV血清学检测呈阳性，尽管梅毒螺旋体抗体（24%）、沙眼衣原体抗体（97%）、单纯疱疹病毒I型和II型抗体（100%）以及乙型肝炎抗体（51%）的患病率很高；5%的人乙肝表面抗原呈阳性。这些数据表明，HIV尚未传入秘鲁港口城市的女性性工作者中。我们认为，在秘鲁这样的发展中国家，未消毒针头的广泛使用构成了严重的健康威胁，一旦HIV传入，将会加速其传播。
