J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2020 Sep-Oct;60(5):686-693. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2020.02.009. Epub 2020 Mar 17.
To assess (1) the practices, attitudes, and perceptions of immunizing chain community pharmacists regarding implementation of immunization services per the National Vaccine Advisory Committee (NVAC) Standards of Adult Immunization Practice and (2) how community pharmacists view the effectiveness of corporate initiatives toward improving immunization volumes.
Following extensive formative research and pilot-testing, a cross-sectional survey was administered electronically to chain community pharmacists over a 4-week period.
Respondents were chain community pharmacists engaged in year-round immunization in the United States, randomly sampled from a list of 9717 maintained by the American Pharmacists Association.
Pharmacists' reports of immunization volumes, patterns of time use, perceptions of time spent on the immunization process, immunization attitudes, and confidence in completing NVAC standard components. Pharmacists also evaluated the utility of corporate goals, feedback, and incentives received.
The survey yielded 590 responses, with 489 meeting the eligibility criteria (5% response rate) and distributed from across the country. In total, 84% of respondents reported giving 26 or more vaccinations/week during the influenza season, whereas only 6% reported as many outside of the influenza season. Pharmacists spent, on average, 29% of their day addressing the immunization process during the influenza season and 12% outside of the influenza season. Only 29% of respondents were confident that their patients' complete immunization needs were assessed at each patient encounter and only 46% were confident that their patients received strong recommendations regarding their specific immunization needs. Most pharmacists viewed corporate goals and the messages and strategies to achieve them as limited in scope and largely inadequate.
In the context of their current role expectations, most community pharmacists who responded were not confident that key NVAC Standards were being implemented to improve patient immunization rates and did not view corporate initiatives as effective toward that effort.
评估（1）免疫接种连锁社区药剂师在实施国家疫苗咨询委员会（NVAC）成人免疫实践标准方面的实践、态度和认知，以及（2）社区药剂师如何看待企业提高疫苗接种量的举措的有效性。
在广泛的形成性研究和试点测试之后，对连锁社区药剂师进行了为期 4 周的电子横断面调查。
被调查者为参与全年免疫接种的连锁社区药剂师，他们是从美国药剂师协会维护的 9717 名药剂师名单中随机抽取的。
药剂师报告的免疫接种量、时间使用模式、对免疫接种过程所花费时间的看法、免疫接种态度以及对完成 NVAC 标准组件的信心。药剂师还评估了收到的企业目标、反馈和激励措施的效用。
调查产生了 590 份回复，其中 489 份符合资格标准（5%的回复率），分布在全国各地。总体而言，84%的受访者报告在流感季节每周接种 26 剂或更多疫苗，而只有 6%的人在流感季节之外报告接种这么多疫苗。药剂师在流感季节平均每天花 29%的时间处理免疫接种过程，而在流感季节之外则花 12%的时间。只有 29%的受访者有信心在每次患者就诊时评估患者的完全免疫需求，只有 46%的受访者有信心患者获得了关于其具体免疫需求的强烈建议。大多数药剂师认为企业目标以及实现这些目标的信息和策略范围有限，而且基本上不够充分。
在他们当前的角色期望背景下，大多数回应的社区药剂师对关键的 NVAC 标准的实施缺乏信心，认为这些标准无法提高患者的免疫接种率，也不认为企业的举措对这一努力有效。
