Kohler Jillian Clare, Dimancesco Deirdre
Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Essential Medicines & Health Products Department, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.
Glob Health Action. 2020;13(sup1):1694745. doi: 10.1080/16549716.2019.1694745.
: The goal of the public procurement of pharmaceuticals is to purchase sufficient quantities of high-quality pharmaceuticals at cost-effective prices for a given population. This goal can be undercut if corruption infiltrates the procurement process. Good procurement practices can help mitigate the risks of corruption and support equitable access to affordable and high-quality medicines.: This paper aims to 1) examine manifestations of corruption in the pharmaceutical procurement process and key factors behind them, and 2) identify how to design and implement effective anti-corruption, transparency and accountability mechanisms within this process.: This paper was informed by a narrative literature review from 1996 to the present. The search focused on publications that addressed the issue of pharmaceutical procurement and governance and corruption issues. Our search included peer-reviewed literature, books, grey literature such as working papers, reports published by international organizations and donor agencies, and some media articles. Some documents used in this paper were already known to the authors.: Procurement is highly vulnerable to corruption particularly in the health sector. What is more, corruption in the procurement process does not appear to be limited to any one level of government or type of health system. The better integration of accountability, transparency and anti-corruption mechanisms in the procurement process is needed to reduce the risk of corruption.: Lessons learned suggest that anti-corruption, transparency and accountability mechanisms in the pharmaceutical procurement process, such as open contracting and integrity pacts are helpful towards reducing the risk of corruption.
药品公共采购的目标是以具有成本效益的价格为特定人群采购足够数量的高质量药品。如果腐败渗透到采购过程中，这一目标可能会受到破坏。良好的采购做法有助于降低腐败风险，并支持公平获取负担得起的高质量药品。本文旨在：1）研究药品采购过程中腐败的表现形式及其背后的关键因素；2）确定如何在此过程中设计和实施有效的反腐败、透明度和问责机制。本文依据了1996年至今的叙述性文献综述。搜索重点是涉及药品采购与治理以及腐败问题的出版物。我们的搜索范围包括同行评审文献、书籍、灰色文献（如工作论文）、国际组织和捐助机构发布的报告以及一些媒体文章。本文使用的一些文件作者已经了解。采购极易受到腐败影响，尤其是在卫生部门。此外，采购过程中的腐败似乎不限于任何一级政府或卫生系统类型。需要在采购过程中更好地整合问责、透明和反腐败机制，以降低腐败风险。经验教训表明，药品采购过程中的反腐败、透明度和问责机制，如公开合同和廉政协议，有助于降低腐败风险。
