McClaren Belinda J, Crellin Erin, Janinski Monika, Nisselle Amy E, Ng Larissa, Metcalfe Sylvia A, Gaff Clara L
Australian Genomics Health Alliance, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Genomics in Society, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Front Genet. 2020 Mar 3;11:151. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00151. eCollection 2020.
With the demand for genomic investigations increasing, medical specialists will need to, and are beginning to, practice genomic medicine. The need for medical specialists from diverse specialties to be ready to appropriately practice genomic medicine is widely recognised, but existing studies focus on single specialties or clinical settings. We explored continuing education needs in genomic medicine of a wide range of medical specialists (excluding genetic specialists) from across Australia. Interviews were conducted with 86 medical specialists in Australia from diverse medical specialties. Inductive content analysis categorized participants by career stage and genomics experience. Themes related to education needs were identified through constant comparison and discussion between authors of emerging concepts. Our findings show that participants believe that experiential learning in genomic medicine is necessary to develop the confidence and skills needed for clinical care. The main themes reported are: tailoring of education to the specialty and the individual; peer interactions contextualizes knowledge; experience will aid in developing confidence and skills. In fact, avenues of gaining experience may result in increased engagement with continuing education in genomic medicine as specialists are exposed to relevant applications in their clinical practice. Participants affirmed the need for continuing education in genomic medicine but identified that it would need to be tailored to the specialty and the individual: one size does not fit all, so a multifaceted approached is needed. Participants infrequently attended formal continuing education in genomic medicine. More commonly, they reported experiential learning by observation, case-review or interacting with a "genomics champion" in their specialty, which contextualized their knowledge. Medical specialists anticipate that genomic medicine will become part of their practice which could lessen demand on the specialist genetic workforce. They expect to look to experts within their own medical specialty who have gained genomics expertise for specific and contextualized support as they develop the skills and confidence to practice genomic medicine. These findings highlight the need to include opportunities for experiential learning in continuing education. Concepts identified in these interviews can be tested with a larger sample of medical specialists to ascertain representativeness.
随着基因组研究需求的增加，医学专家将需要并开始实践基因组医学。来自不同专业的医学专家做好准备以适当地实践基因组医学的必要性已得到广泛认可，但现有研究集中于单一专业或临床环境。我们探讨了澳大利亚各地广泛的医学专家（不包括遗传专家）在基因组医学方面的继续教育需求。对澳大利亚86名来自不同医学专业的医学专家进行了访谈。归纳性内容分析按职业阶段和基因组学经验对参与者进行了分类。通过作者之间对新出现概念的不断比较和讨论，确定了与教育需求相关的主题。我们的研究结果表明，参与者认为基因组医学的体验式学习对于培养临床护理所需的信心和技能是必要的。报告的主要主题包括：根据专业和个人情况量身定制教育；同行互动使知识具有背景；经验将有助于培养信心和技能。事实上，获得经验的途径可能会导致专家们更多地参与基因组医学的继续教育，因为他们在临床实践中接触到了相关应用。参与者肯定了基因组医学继续教育的必要性，但指出需要根据专业和个人情况进行量身定制：一刀切并不适用，因此需要采取多方面的方法。参与者很少参加基因组医学的正式继续教育。更常见的是，他们报告通过观察、病例回顾或与所在专业的“基因组学倡导者”互动进行体验式学习，这使他们的知识具有背景。医学专家预计基因组医学将成为他们临床实践的一部分，这可能会减少对专业遗传工作人员的需求。他们期望在自己的医学专业领域内寻找获得基因组学专业知识的专家，以便在他们培养实践基因组医学的技能和信心时获得特定的、有背景依据的支持。这些发现凸显了在继续教育中纳入体验式学习机会的必要性。这些访谈中确定的概念可以用更大规模的医学专家样本进行测试，以确定其代表性。
