Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Centre for Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Pain. 2020 Apr;161(4):668-683. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001776.
Many people believe that weather influences chronic musculoskeletal pain. Previous studies on this association are narratively reviewed, with particular focus on comparing methodologies and summarising study findings in light of study quality. We searched 5 databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Scopus) for observational studies on the association between weather variables and self-reported musculoskeletal pain severity. Of 4707 located articles, 43 were eligible for inclusion. The majority (67%) found some association between pain and a weather variable. Temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, and precipitation were most often investigated. For each weather variable, some studies found an association with pain (in either direction), and others did not. Most studies (86%) had a longitudinal study design, usually collecting outcome data for less than a month, from fewer than 100 participants. Most studies blinded participants to study aims but were at a high risk of misclassification of exposure and did not meet reporting requirements. Pain severity was most often self-reported (84%) on a numeric rating scale or visual analog scale. Weather data were collected from local weather stations, usually on the assumption that participants stayed in their home city. Analysis methods, preparation of weather data, and adjustment for covariates varied widely between studies. The association between weather and pain has been difficult to characterise. To obtain more clarity, future studies should address 3 main limitations of the previous literature: small sample sizes and short study durations, misclassification of exposure, and approach to statistical analysis (specifically, multiple comparisons and adjusting for covariates).
许多人认为天气会影响慢性肌肉骨骼疼痛。对这一关联的先前研究进行了叙述性综述，特别侧重于比较方法，并根据研究质量总结研究结果。我们在 5 个数据库（Medline、Embase、Web of Science、PsycINFO 和 Scopus）中搜索了关于天气变量与自我报告的肌肉骨骼疼痛严重程度之间关联的观察性研究。在 4707 篇文章中，有 43 篇符合纳入标准。大多数（67%）研究发现疼痛与天气变量之间存在某种关联。温度、大气压、相对湿度和降水是最常被研究的。对于每种天气变量，一些研究发现与疼痛（无论方向）存在关联，而另一些则没有。大多数研究（86%）采用纵向研究设计，通常在不到一个月的时间内从不到 100 名参与者中收集结果数据。大多数研究使参与者对研究目的保持盲态，但暴露的分类错误风险很高，且不符合报告要求。疼痛严重程度最常通过数字评分量表或视觉模拟量表进行自我报告（84%）。天气数据通常从当地气象站收集，通常假设参与者留在他们的家乡城市。分析方法、天气数据的准备以及协变量的调整在研究之间差异很大。天气和疼痛之间的关联一直难以描述。为了获得更清晰的认识，未来的研究应解决先前文献中的 3 个主要局限性：样本量小和研究持续时间短、暴露的分类错误以及统计分析方法（特别是多重比较和协变量调整）。
