Early Hum Dev. 2020 Jun;145:105017. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105017. Epub 2020 Mar 20.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is based on accurate decision-making processes which can be carried out independently by a machine. AI may be subdivided into strong AI (with consciousness and intentionality) and weak AI (lacking both and programmed to perform specific tasks only). With AI currently making rapid progress in all domains, including those of healthcare, physicians face possible competitors. Various types of AI programs are already available as consultants to the physician, and these help in medical diagnostics and treatment. At the time of writing, extant programs constitute weak AI. This paper will explore the development of AI and robotics in medicine, and will refer to Star Trek's "Emergency Medical Hologram", who is portrayed as a strong AI program. This paper will also briefly explore the issues pertaining to AI in the medical field and will show that weak AI should not only suffice in the demesne of healthcare, but may actually be more desirable than strong AI.
人工智能（AI）基于可以由机器独立执行的精确决策过程。AI 可以细分为强 AI（具有意识和意向性）和弱 AI（两者都没有，并且仅编程执行特定任务）。随着 AI 在包括医疗保健在内的各个领域的快速发展，医生可能面临竞争对手。各种类型的 AI 程序已经作为医生的顾问，这些程序有助于医疗诊断和治疗。在撰写本文时，现有的程序构成了弱 AI。本文将探讨 AI 和机器人技术在医学中的发展，并将参考《星际迷航》中的“紧急医疗全息图”，它被描绘为一个强 AI 程序。本文还将简要探讨与医学领域的 AI 相关的问题，并表明弱 AI 不仅应该在医疗保健领域足够，而且实际上可能比强 AI 更可取。
