Department of Medical Parasitology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey.
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey.
Acta Trop. 2020 Jun;206:105451. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105451. Epub 2020 Mar 20.
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic infection and could lead to significant public health problems. The genetic diversity of CE includes five species: E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) (G1-G3), Echinococcus equinus (G4), Echinococcus ortleppi (G5), Echinococcus canadensis genotypic cluster (G6, G7, G8 and G10, with the doubtful G9) and the Echinococcus felidis (lion strain). The species are important in epidemiology, pathology, control, prevention measures and vaccine/drug designs. The aim of the present study was to determine the E. granulosus genotypes in humans in the Van province in east of Turkey. In total, 102 echinococcal cysts were collected from operated patients. Genomic analyses were conducted with PCR-RFLP of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) fragment and partial PCR sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) mitochondrial DNA gene region. In total, DNAs of 96 isolates could be extracted, unfortunately six extractions failed. The PCR-RFLP analysis findings were identical in all isolates. Two bands were observed at approximately 300 bp and 600 bp. All profiles corresponded to the G1-G3 strain. Also, 446 bp amplified gene regions were observed for cox1. Out of 20 samples, alignment of 16 sequences exhibited a total identification (100%) of granulosus sensu stricto (G1/G3). Of 16 samples, 8 were obtained in the lung and 12 were obtained in the liver; 8 belonged to male and 12 belonged to female patients. Other four samples exhibited one nucleotide substitution at different positions. Four samples had one nucleotide substitution at different positions. We detected single nucleotide variations in TRH1, TRH67, TRH85 and TRH89 isolates at the positions C240T; G330T; G211A and T157C, respectively. In conclusion, the present study was the first comprehensive molecular investigation on genetic characterization of human CE isolates in Van region. The findings demonstrated that E. granulosus s.s. was the dominant species, which indicated that the sheep-dog cycle was the source in human infections. And, probably, it would be possible to describe these mutations as "Turkey" or "lung" variants. In addition to contributing molecular epidemiological data, the present results should be considered when designing and implementing E. granulosus control programs.
囊性包虫病 (CE) 是一种人畜共患感染病，可能导致严重的公共卫生问题。CE 的遗传多样性包括五个物种：E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) (G1-G3)、Echinococcus equinus (G4)、Echinococcus ortleppi (G5)、Echinococcus canadensis 基因型簇 (G6、G7、G8 和 G10，有疑问的 G9) 和 Echinococcus felidis (狮子株)。这些物种在流行病学、病理学、控制、预防措施和疫苗/药物设计中非常重要。本研究的目的是确定土耳其东部凡省人类中的细粒棘球蚴基因型。从手术患者中采集了 102 个包虫囊肿。使用 PCR-RFLP 对 rDNA 内部转录间隔区 1 (ITS1) 片段和部分 PCR 测序对细胞色素 c 氧化酶亚单位 1 (cox1) 线粒体 DNA 基因区进行了基因组分析。总共可以提取 96 个分离物的 DNA，但不幸的是，有 6 个提取失败。所有分离物的 PCR-RFLP 分析结果均相同。大约在 300 bp 和 600 bp 处观察到两条带。所有图谱均对应于 G1-G3 株。cox1 扩增基因区也观察到 446 bp。在 20 个样本中，16 个序列的比对显示出严格的细粒棘球蚴属 (G1/G3) 的总鉴定率 (100%)。在 16 个样本中，8 个来自肺部，12 个来自肝脏；8 个属于男性，12 个属于女性患者。其他四个样本在不同位置显示出一个核苷酸取代。四个样本在不同位置有一个核苷酸取代。在 TRH1、TRH67、TRH85 和 TRH89 分离株的位置 C240T、G330T、G211A 和 T157C 分别检测到单核苷酸变异。总之，本研究是首次对凡地区人类 CE 分离株进行遗传特征的综合分子研究。研究结果表明，E. granulosus s.s. 是主要物种，这表明绵羊-狗循环是人类感染的来源。并且，这些突变可能被描述为“土耳其”或“肺部”变体。除了提供分子流行病学数据外，在设计和实施细粒棘球蚴控制计划时还应考虑本研究的结果。
