Fung To Sing, Liu Ding Xiang
South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory Microbial Signals & Disease Co, & Integrative Microbiology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551.
Future Virol. 2018 Jun;13(6):405-430. doi: 10.2217/fvl-2018-0008. Epub 2018 May 21.
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) refer to the covalent modifications of polypeptides after they are synthesized, adding temporal and spatial regulation to modulate protein functions. Being obligate intracellular parasites, viruses rely on the protein synthesis machinery of host cells to support replication, and not surprisingly, many viral proteins are subjected to PTMs. Coronavirus (CoV) is a group of enveloped RNA viruses causing diseases in both human and animals. Many CoV proteins are modified by PTMs, including glycosylation and palmitoylation of the spike and envelope protein, N- or O-linked glycosylation of the membrane protein, phosphorylation and ADP-ribosylation of the nucleocapsid protein, and other PTMs on nonstructural and accessory proteins. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on PTMs of CoV proteins, with an emphasis on their impact on viral replication and pathogenesis. The ability of some CoV proteins to interfere with PTMs of host proteins will also be discussed.
翻译后修饰（PTMs）是指多肽合成后进行的共价修饰，通过添加时间和空间调控来调节蛋白质功能。作为专性胞内寄生虫，病毒依赖宿主细胞的蛋白质合成机制来支持复制，因此毫不奇怪，许多病毒蛋白会发生翻译后修饰。冠状病毒（CoV）是一类包膜 RNA 病毒，可导致人类和动物患病。许多冠状病毒蛋白会被翻译后修饰，包括刺突蛋白和包膜蛋白的糖基化和棕榈酰化、膜蛋白的 N 或 O 连接糖基化、核衣壳蛋白的磷酸化和 ADP 核糖基化，以及非结构蛋白和辅助蛋白上的其他翻译后修饰。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前关于冠状病毒蛋白翻译后修饰的知识，重点是它们对病毒复制和发病机制的影响。还将讨论一些冠状病毒蛋白干扰宿主蛋白翻译后修饰的能力。
