Post-graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Rural Remote Health. 2020 Mar;20(1):5424. doi: 10.22605/RRH5424. Epub 2020 Mar 24.
Self-assessment of health status can be considered a good predictor of population morbidity and mortality. Sociodemographic, environmental and health conditions can influence health self-perception. However, in rural areas, the identification of morbidities that affect workers' health and their general health condition is unknown. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between health self-perception and the occurrence of morbidities according to type of work.
This was a cross-sectional, population-based study of a rural area of Brazil. Health self-perception outcomes were classified as good (very good or good) or not good (fair, poor or very poor). Rural work, classified as yes or no, was considered to be the exposure. Crude and adjusted Poisson regression analyses were performed, obtaining prevalence ratio (PR) estimates and the respective confidence intervals (95%CI). All analyses were stratified by sex and adjusted for confounding factors.
The sample comprised 893 individuals. The not good health self-perception prevalence was 27.6%, with a significant difference between the sexes (24.2% of men v 32.5% of women, p=0.014). Although associated with rural work in the crude model, self-perception was not associated with type of work after adjustment (PR: 1.02, 95%CI: 0.83-1.27). The risk of developing obesity (PR: 0.65, 95%CI: 0.47-0.91) and cardiovascular diseases (PR: 0.32, 95%CI: 0.12-0.87) was lower in men who developed rural activities. Also, women who reported doing rural work presented a lower risk for respiratory diseases (PR: 0.47; 95%CI: 0.22-0.97).
The association between rural work and not good health self-perception, cardiovascular disease and obesity in women, and respiratory diseases in men seems to be highly dependent on sociodemographic context.
自我评估健康状况可以被认为是预测人群发病率和死亡率的一个良好指标。社会人口统计学、环境和健康状况会影响健康自我认知。然而，在农村地区，对于影响工人健康和一般健康状况的疾病的识别尚不清楚。本研究旨在根据工作类型评估健康自我认知与疾病发生之间的关系。
这是一项巴西农村地区的横断面、基于人群的研究。健康自我认知结果分为良好（非常好或好）或不佳（一般、差或非常差）。农村工作分为是或否，被认为是暴露因素。进行了粗和调整后的泊松回归分析，得出患病率比（PR）估计值及其相应的置信区间（95%CI）。所有分析均按性别分层，并调整了混杂因素。
样本包括 893 人。不佳的健康自我认知患病率为 27.6%，男女之间存在显著差异（男性为 24.2%，女性为 32.5%，p=0.014）。尽管在粗模型中与农村工作相关，但在调整后，自我认知与工作类型无关（PR：1.02，95%CI：0.83-1.27）。从事农村工作的男性患肥胖症（PR：0.65，95%CI：0.47-0.91）和心血管疾病（PR：0.32，95%CI：0.12-0.87）的风险较低。此外，报告从事农村工作的女性患呼吸道疾病的风险较低（PR：0.47；95%CI：0.22-0.97）。
农村工作与女性不佳的健康自我认知、心血管疾病和肥胖症，以及男性的呼吸道疾病之间的关联似乎高度依赖于社会人口统计学背景。
