Bortolotto Caroline Cardozo, Hirschmann Roberta, Martins-Silva Thais, Facchini Luiz Augusto
Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Departamento de Medicina Social, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2020;23:e200027. doi: 10.1590/1980-549720200027. Epub 2020 May 11.
To estimate the prevalence of pesticide exposure and associated factors among rural residents.
A population-based, cross-sectional study conducted with 1,518 individuals in 2016. We randomly selected 24 census tracts from the eight rural districts of the city of Pelotas, RS. All individuals aged 18 years or older, living in the randomly selected households were eligible. A descriptive analysis was performed and the prevalence of contact with pesticides was presented. The association between outcome and independent variables was analyzed using Poisson regression according to the hierarchical model. The variables were all adjusted to the same level, including those at the previous level and those with p<0.20 were kept in the model.
The prevalence of contact with pesticides in the past year was 23.7% and among the participants, 5.9% reported having pesticide poisoning at some time in their lives. The probability of contact with pesticides in the past year was higher among men (PR=2,00; 95%CI 1.56 - 2.56), among those aged 40-49 years (PR = 2.00; 95%CI 1.12 - 1.80), among individuals with lower levels of education (PR = 2.06; 95%CI 1.39 - 3.10), in those who performed rural work (PR = 2.87; 95%CI 1.39 - 3.10) and in those who had lived in rural areas all their lives (PR = 1.28 95%CI 1.00 - 1.66).
Approximately one in four adults in rural Pelotas had come into contact with pesticides in the year before the study. The findings show the existence of social inequalities related to exposure to pesticides and provide information for action aimed at reducing exposure and poisoning from these products.
评估农村居民接触农药的患病率及相关因素。
2016年对1518人进行了一项基于人群的横断面研究。我们从南里奥格兰德州佩洛塔斯市的八个农村地区随机选取了24个人口普查区。所有年龄在18岁及以上、居住在随机选取家庭中的个体均符合条件。进行了描述性分析，并呈现了接触农药的患病率。根据分层模型，使用泊松回归分析结果与自变量之间的关联。所有变量都调整到相同水平，包括上一层的变量，p<0.20的变量保留在模型中。
过去一年接触农药的患病率为23.7%，参与者中5.9%报告在其生命中的某个时候曾发生农药中毒。过去一年中，男性接触农药的概率更高（PR=2.00；95%CI 1.56 - 2.56），40 - 49岁人群（PR = 2.00；95%CI 1.12 - 1.80），教育程度较低者（PR = 2.06；95%CI 1.39 - 3.10），从事农村工作者（PR = 2.87；95%CI 1.39 - 3.10）以及一生都生活在农村地区的人（PR = 1.28；95%CI 1.00 - 1.66）。
在研究前一年，佩洛塔斯农村地区约四分之一的成年人接触过农药。研究结果表明存在与接触农药相关的社会不平等现象，并为旨在减少这些产品接触和中毒的行动提供了信息。
