Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Department of Science, Mathematics, and Technology Education, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Prim Health Care Res Dev. 2020 Mar 25;21:e8. doi: 10.1017/S1463423620000067.
Prevalent environmental risk factors place infants in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) at an increased risk for feeding and developmental difficulties.
This study aimed to determine the relationship between feeding and developmental outcomes in infants, as early feeding difficulties may have a cascading effect on developmental outcomes and vice versa.
Data on 144 infants' feeding and development [mean age (standard deviation) = 8.8 months (2.2)] from a primary health care clinic in Gauteng, South Africa were retrospectively analysed.
Early introduction of cup feeding was found to be a predictor of possible expressive language and articulation difficulties. Gagging, spitting, or vomiting, pocketing, the use of force feeding, and poor sucking and chewing abilities were significantly associated with behavioural and social-emotional difficulties. Breastfeeding was found to be a protective factor for language development. The results emphasise the importance of primary prevention and early identification of risks in late infancy in LMIC.
流行的环境风险因素使中低收入国家（LMIC）的婴儿面临喂养和发育困难的风险增加。
本研究旨在确定婴儿喂养和发育结果之间的关系，因为早期喂养困难可能对发育结果产生级联效应，反之亦然。
对南非豪登省一家初级保健诊所的 144 名婴儿的喂养和发育数据（平均年龄（标准差）= 8.8 个月（2.2））进行回顾性分析。
早期引入杯式喂养被发现是表达性语言和发音困难的预测因素。呛咳、吐口水或呕吐、吞咽、强制喂养、吸吮和咀嚼能力差与行为和社会情感困难显著相关。母乳喂养是语言发展的保护因素。研究结果强调了在 LMIC 中对婴儿晚期进行初级预防和早期识别风险的重要性。
