Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2020 Apr;43(4):200-212. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2020.02.001. Epub 2020 Mar 6.
Childhood maltreatment increases the likelihood of developing anxiety disorders in humans. Early life adversity (ELA) paradigms in rodents produce lasting increases in avoidant and inhibitory responses to both immediate and nonspecific threats, collectively referred to as defensive behaviors. This approach provides an opportunity to thoroughly investigate the underlying mechanisms, an effort that is currently under way. In this review, we consider the growing literature indicating that ELA alters the rhythmic firing of neurons in brain regions associated with defensive behavior, as well as potential neuronal, glial, and extracellular matrix contributions to functional changes in this circuitry. We also consider how ELA studies in rodents may inform us about both susceptible and resilient outcomes in humans.
儿童虐待会增加人类患焦虑症的可能性。啮齿动物的早期生活逆境 (ELA) 范式会导致对即时和非特定威胁的回避和抑制反应持续增加，统称为防御行为。这种方法为深入研究潜在机制提供了机会，目前正在进行中。在这篇综述中，我们考虑了越来越多的文献表明，ELA 会改变与防御行为相关的大脑区域中神经元的节律性放电，以及神经元、神经胶质和细胞外基质对该回路功能变化的潜在贡献。我们还考虑了啮齿动物的 ELA 研究如何为我们提供人类易感性和弹性结果的信息。
