College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China; College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China.
College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2020 Jun;249:126481. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126481. Epub 2020 Mar 17.
Dechlorane Plus (DP) is a widely used chlorinated flame retardant, which has been extensively detected in the environment. Although DP content in the surface water is low, it can pose a continuous exposure risk to aquatic organisms due to its strong bioaccumulation. Considering that the related studies on the toxicity mechanism of DP exposure are limited, the effect of DP on carp embryo development was evaluated. In the present work, carp embryos were exposed to different concentrations (0, 30, 60, and 120 μg/L) of DP at 3 h post-fertilization (hpf). The expression levels of neural and skeletal development-associated genes, such as sox2, sox19a, Mef2c and BMP4, were detected with quantitative PCR, and the changes in different developmental toxicity endpoints were observed. Our results demonstrated that the expression levels of sox2, sox19a, Mef2c and BMP4 were significantly altered and several developmental abnormalities were found in DP-exposed carp embryos, such as DNA damage, increased mortality rate, delayed hatching time, reduced hatching rate, decreased body length, and increased morphological deformities. In addition, the activities of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were remarkably higher in 60 and 120 μg/L DP exposure groups than in control group. These results suggest that DP can exhibit a unique modes of action, which lead to aberration occurrence in the early development stage of common carps, which may be related to some gene damage and oxidative stress. Besides, the parameters evaluated here can be used as tools to access the environmental risk for biota and humans exposed to DP.
得克隆（DP）是一种广泛使用的含氯阻燃剂，已在环境中广泛检测到。尽管地表水的 DP 含量较低，但由于其强生物蓄积性，仍会对水生生物构成持续的暴露风险。考虑到 DP 暴露的毒性机制相关研究有限，本研究评估了 DP 对鲤鱼胚胎发育的影响。在本工作中，鲤鱼胚胎在受精后 3 小时（hpf）时暴露于不同浓度（0、30、60 和 120μg/L）的 DP 中。采用定量 PCR 检测神经和骨骼发育相关基因如 sox2、sox19a、Mef2c 和 BMP4 的表达水平，并观察不同发育毒性终点的变化。研究结果表明，sox2、sox19a、Mef2c 和 BMP4 的表达水平显著改变，DP 暴露的鲤鱼胚胎出现几种发育异常，如 DNA 损伤、死亡率增加、孵化时间延迟、孵化率降低、体长减小和形态畸形增加。此外，在 60 和 120μg/L DP 暴露组中，活性氧和丙二醛的活性明显高于对照组。这些结果表明 DP 可表现出独特的作用模式，导致普通鲤鱼早期发育阶段发生畸形，这可能与某些基因损伤和氧化应激有关。此外，这里评估的参数可作为评估 DP 暴露的生物和人类的环境风险的工具。
