Kuttner L, Bowman M, Teasdale M
Oncology Division, B.C. Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1988 Dec;9(6):374-81.
The study compared the efficacy of hypnotic "imaginative involvement," behavioral distraction and standard medical practice for the reduction of pain, distress and anxiety in children with leukemia, during bone marrow aspirations. Two age groups of children, 3 to 6, and 7 to 10 years, were randomized to the three treatment groups. Two intervention sessions were given. At first intervention, observational ratings of distress indicated significant reductions for the younger group in the hypnotic treatment, whereas the older group achieved significant reductions in both treatment conditions for observer-rated pain and anxiety. At second intervention, all groups showed reductions and the control group appeared to be contaminated. The hypnotic method with its internal focus had an all-or-none effect, whereas distraction appeared to require that coping skills be learned over one session or more.
该研究比较了催眠“想象参与”、行为分散注意力和标准医疗实践在减轻白血病患儿骨髓穿刺时的疼痛、痛苦和焦虑方面的效果。将3至6岁和7至10岁的两个年龄组儿童随机分为三个治疗组。进行了两次干预疗程。在第一次干预时，痛苦的观察评分表明，催眠治疗组中较年幼的儿童痛苦显著减轻，而较年长的儿童在两种治疗条件下观察者评定的疼痛和焦虑均显著减轻。在第二次干预时，所有组均有减轻，且对照组似乎受到了影响。具有内在专注性的催眠方法具有全或无的效果，而分散注意力似乎要求在一个或多个疗程中学习应对技巧。
