Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), Podbelskogo sh., 3, Pushkin, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia.
Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
Cells. 2020 Mar 23;9(3):779. doi: 10.3390/cells9030779.
The garden pea ( L.) is a legume crop of immense economic value. Extensive breeding has led to the emergence of numerous pea varieties, of which some are distinguished by accelerated development in various stages of ontogenesis. One such trait is rapid seed maturation, which, despite novel insights into the genetic control of seed development in legumes, remains poorly studied. This article presents an attempt to dissect mechanisms of early maturation in the pea line Sprint-2 by means of whole transcriptome RNA sequencing in two developmental stages. By using a de novo assembly approach, we have obtained a reference transcriptome of 25,756 non-redundant entries expressed in pea seeds at either 10 or 20 days after pollination. Differential expression in Sprint-2 seeds has affected 13,056 transcripts. A comparison of the two pea lines with a common maturation rate demonstrates that while at 10 days after pollination, Sprint-2 seeds show development retardation linked to intensive photosynthesis, morphogenesis, and cell division, and those at 20 days show a rapid onset of desiccation marked by the cessation of translation and cell anabolism and accumulation of dehydration-protective and -storage moieties. Further inspection of certain transcript functional categories, including the chromatin constituent, transcription regulation, protein turnover, and hormonal regulation, has revealed transcriptomic trends unique to specific stages and cultivars. Among other remarkable features, Sprint-2 demonstrated an enhanced expression of transposable element-associated open reading frames and an altered expression of major maturation regulators and DNA methyltransferase genes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comparative transcriptomic study in which the issue of the seed maturation rate is addressed.
豌豆（L.）是一种具有巨大经济价值的豆科作物。广泛的育种导致了许多豌豆品种的出现，其中一些品种在个体发生的各个阶段的发育速度都有所加快。其中一个特点是种子成熟迅速，尽管豆科植物种子发育的遗传控制有了新的认识，但对这一特性的研究仍很不完善。本文通过在两个发育阶段进行全转录组 RNA 测序，尝试解析 Sprint-2 品系中早期成熟的机制。通过从头组装方法，我们获得了 25756 个非冗余条目在豌豆授粉后 10 或 20 天的种子中的表达参考转录组。Sprint-2 种子中的差异表达影响了 13056 个转录本。对具有共同成熟率的两个豌豆品系的比较表明，在授粉后 10 天，Sprint-2 种子的发育延迟与强烈的光合作用、形态发生和细胞分裂有关，而在授粉后 20 天，种子迅速出现干燥，表现为翻译和细胞合成代谢停止，脱水保护和储存成分积累。对某些转录本功能类别（包括染色质成分、转录调控、蛋白质周转和激素调控）的进一步检查揭示了特定阶段和品种特有的转录组趋势。在其他显著特征中，Sprint-2 表现出转座元件相关开放阅读框的增强表达，以及主要成熟调节剂和 DNA 甲基转移酶基因的表达改变。据我们所知，这是首次在种子成熟率问题上进行的比较转录组学研究。
