Maintaining Genome Integrity during Seed Development in L.: Evidence from a Transcriptomic Profiling Study.

The maintenance of genome integrity is crucial in seeds, due to the constant challenge of several endogenous and exogenous factors. The knowledge concerning DNA damage response and chromatin remodeling during seed development is still scarce, especially in L. A transcriptomic profiling of the expression of genes related to DNA damage response/chromatin remodeling mechanisms was performed in seeds at four distinct developmental stages, spanning from late embryogenesis to seed desiccation. Of the 14,001 expressed genes identified using massive analysis of cDNA ends, 301 belong to the DNA MapMan category. In late embryogenesis, a high expression of genes related to DNA damage sensing and repair suggests there is a tight control of DNA integrity. At the end of filling and the onset of seed dehydration, the upregulation of genes implicated in sensing of DNA double-strand breaks suggests that genome integrity is challenged. The expression of chromatin remodelers seems to imply a concomitant action of chromatin remodeling with DNA repair machinery, maintaining genome stability. The expression of genes related to nucleotide excision repair and chromatin structure is evidenced during the desiccation stage. An overview of the genes involved in DNA damage response and chromatin remodeling during seed development is presented, providing insights into the mechanisms used by developing seeds to cope with DNA damage.