Pirredda Michela, González-Benito M Elena, Martín Carmen, Mira Sara
Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Mar 23;9(3):393. doi: 10.3390/plants9030393.
Seed ageing is a complex process and can be described as the loss of viability or quality with time. It is important to elucidate whether genetic and epigenetic stability is altered in stored seeds and in seedlings produced from them. Non-stored and stored rye seeds at different stages of ageing were compared, as well as the seedlings obtained from them. Seeds were stored at 35 °C and 15% water content, under vacuum or air atmosphere. DNA of seeds and seedlings was isolated at three stages of the deterioration curve: P75 (13 days), P20 (29 days), and P0 (36 days). Genetic stability was assessed by RAPD technique, and epigenetic changes by MSAP markers. While seeds showed genetic stability after storage, the similarity of seedlings obtained from seeds stored for 29 days was lower (95%) when compared to seedlings from control seeds. Epigenetic changes were between 15% and 30% (both de novo methylation and demethylation) in the stored seeds compared to control seeds, with no differences between 13 and 29 days of storage with either air or vacuum atmospheres. In seedlings, epigenetic changes significantly increased with storage time. In conclusion, ageing increased epigenetic instability in both seeds and seedlings, when compared to controls.
种子老化是一个复杂的过程，可描述为活力或品质随时间丧失。阐明储存种子及其所产生幼苗的遗传和表观遗传稳定性是否发生改变很重要。对处于不同老化阶段的非储存和储存黑麦种子以及从它们获得的幼苗进行了比较。种子在35°C和15%含水量条件下，在真空或空气环境中储存。在劣化曲线的三个阶段（P75（13天）、P20（29天）和P0（36天））分离种子和幼苗的DNA。通过RAPD技术评估遗传稳定性，通过MSAP标记评估表观遗传变化。虽然种子储存后显示出遗传稳定性，但与对照种子的幼苗相比，从储存29天的种子获得的幼苗相似性较低（95%）。与对照种子相比，储存种子中的表观遗传变化在15%至30%之间（包括从头甲基化和去甲基化），在空气或真空环境中储存13天和29天之间没有差异。在幼苗中，表观遗传变化随储存时间显著增加。总之，与对照相比，老化增加了种子和幼苗中的表观遗传不稳定性。
