Molnár Tamás, Benedek Ildikó, Kovács Balázs, Zsolnai Attila, Lehoczky István
Institute of Environmental Sciences and Nature Conservation, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary.
Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary.
PeerJ. 2020 Mar 17;8:e8745. doi: 10.7717/peerj.8745. eCollection 2020.
The pikeperch ( L.) possesses great potential for diversifying European aquaculture. However, studies on the genetic risk of stocking natural waters with farmed individuals of this species have been limited. Even the effect of pond culture on the genetic composition of stocks with natural-origin has not yet been determined. Our study aimed to compare the genetic variability of a wild living pikeperch population, a pond cultured broodstock (originating from the wild population) and its offspring generation. We also aimed to detect the potential signs of selection using three different methods. By analyzing the molecular data with 14 microsatellite markers, we illustrated that the impact of pond culture on the genetic diversity of fish stocks is similar to hatchery rearing due to its diversity reducing effect caused by using lower effective population sizes. Although the heterozygosity was similar in all populations (H = 0.68-0.71), the average number of alleles and allelic richness were significantly lower in the pond cultured stocks (NA = 7.5 and 6; AR = 7.5 and 5.9) compared to the wild population (NA = 11.00, AR = 10.47). Despite the semi-natural conditions of the present study, we detected changing selection pressure in one of the 14 microsatellite markers.
梭鲈（L.）在欧洲水产养殖多样化方面具有巨大潜力。然而，关于向天然水域投放该物种养殖个体的遗传风险的研究一直有限。甚至池塘养殖对天然起源种群遗传组成的影响尚未确定。我们的研究旨在比较野生梭鲈种群、池塘养殖亲鱼（源自野生种群）及其子代的遗传变异性。我们还旨在使用三种不同方法检测选择的潜在迹象。通过用14个微卫星标记分析分子数据，我们表明池塘养殖对鱼类种群遗传多样性的影响与孵化场养殖相似，因为使用较低有效种群规模会导致其多样性降低。尽管所有种群的杂合度相似（H = 0.68 - 0.71），但与野生种群（NA = 11.00，AR = 10.47）相比，池塘养殖种群的平均等位基因数和等位基因丰富度显著更低（NA = 7.5和6；AR = 7.5和5.9）。尽管本研究采用了半自然条件，但我们在14个微卫星标记之一中检测到了不断变化的选择压力。
