Youth-Nex: The UVA Center to Promote Effective Youth Development.
Dev Psychol. 2020 Jun;56(6):1107-1120. doi: 10.1037/dev0000920. Epub 2020 Mar 26.
Delayed, as opposed to immediate, gratification is generally understood to indicate adaptive development. The present study investigates performance on a choice-based delay of gratification measure and its relations with other outcomes in a sample of children of color from low-income families, who are underrepresented in delayed gratification research. The 6-item choice delay of gratification task, administered at the start of kindergarten ( = 5.5 years), exhibited good reliability. Items were largely equal in difficulty, but not equally discriminant. Children who chose immediate gratification had better executive function and were rated higher than their peers by their kindergarten teachers on behavioral measures; patterns in relations with first grade classroom behavior were similar, but weaker and not robust to controls. Choosing immediate gratification was also positively related to concurrent and later achievement, but not after controlling for executive function. These observations reinforce a need to clarify constructs underlying delay of gratification choices within groups of children underrepresented in this line of research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
延迟满足，而不是即时满足，通常被认为是适应性发展的表现。本研究调查了来自低收入家庭的有色人种儿童样本在基于选择的延迟满足测量中的表现及其与其他结果的关系，这些儿童在延迟满足研究中代表性不足。在幼儿园开始时（= 5.5 岁）进行的 6 项选择延迟满足任务表现出良好的可靠性。项目在难度上基本相等，但区分度不同。选择即时满足的儿童具有更好的执行功能，并且他们的幼儿园老师在行为测量方面对他们的评价高于同龄人；与一年级课堂行为的关系模式相似，但较弱，并且在控制执行功能后不稳健。选择即时满足也与当前和以后的成就呈正相关，但在控制执行功能后则不然。这些观察结果加强了需要在这一研究领域代表性不足的儿童群体中澄清延迟满足选择背后的结构的必要性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
