Diet and Cardiometabolic Health Research Group, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Oxford Brookes Centre for Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021;61(4):636-648. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1742654. Epub 2020 Mar 26.
Research has indicated that consuming medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) may be more satiating than consuming long-chain triglycerides (LCT) potentially causing a reduction in energy intake. However not all studies have demonstrated this acute reduction in energy intake and it has yet to be systematically reviewed. Our main objective was to examine how ingestion of MCT influences energy intake, subjective appetite ratings and appetite-related hormones compared to LCT. Web of Science, MEDLINE, CINHAL, and Embase were searched for publications comparing the effect of MCT on appetite (commonly hunger, fullness, desire to eat, and prospective food consumption), appetite-related hormones (pancreatic polypeptide (PP), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), neurotensin, leptin, total ghrelin and active ghrelin) and energy intake to LCT. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted on studies which examined energy intake. Seventeen studies (291 participants) were included in the systematic review, of which 11 were included in the energy intake meta-analysis. Synthesis of combined data showed evidence of a statistically significant moderate decrease in energy intake after both acute and chronic ingestion of MCT compared to LCT when assessed under laboratory conditions (mean effect size: -0.444, 95% CI -0.808, -0.080, < 0.017), despite little evidence of any effect of MCT on subjective appetite ratings or circulating hormones. The current evidence supports the notion that MCT decreases subsequent energy intake, but does not appear to affect appetite. Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms by which MCT reduce energy intake.
研究表明，与长链甘油三酯 (LCT) 相比，消耗中链甘油三酯 (MCT) 可能更有饱腹感，从而可能减少能量摄入。然而，并非所有研究都证明了这种能量摄入的急性减少，而且这一现象尚未得到系统审查。我们的主要目的是检查与 LCT 相比，MCT 对能量摄入、主观食欲评分和与食欲相关的激素的影响。我们在 Web of Science、MEDLINE、CINHAL 和 Embase 上搜索了比较 MCT 对食欲（通常是饥饿感、饱腹感、食欲和预期食物消耗）、与食欲相关的激素（胰多肽 (PP)、胃抑制肽 (GIP)、肽 YY (PYY)、胰高血糖素样肽-1 (GLP-1)、神经降压素、瘦素、总胃饥饿素和活性胃饥饿素）和能量摄入与 LCT 的影响的出版物。对研究能量摄入的研究进行了随机效应荟萃分析。系统评价共纳入 17 项研究（291 名参与者），其中 11 项研究纳入能量摄入荟萃分析。综合数据表明，在实验室条件下，与 LCT 相比，无论是急性还是慢性摄入 MCT 后，能量摄入均有统计学上显著适度减少的证据（平均效应大小：-0.444，95%CI-0.808，-0.080， < 0.017），尽管 MCT 对主观食欲评分或循环激素的影响几乎没有证据。目前的证据支持 MCT 减少随后的能量摄入的观点，但似乎不会影响食欲。需要进一步研究阐明 MCT 减少能量摄入的机制。
