Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia.
Eur J Histochem. 2020 Feb 20;64(1):3110. doi: 10.4081/ejh.2020.3110.
Among oregano properties, its antioxidant and antibacterial effects are particularly interesting. Oregano is also able to induce a higher glycoconjugate production in gut, creating a physical barrier against microorganisms. This study evaluated the effects of adding an aqueous extract of oregano (OAE) to the diet of two homogenous groups of pigs during the finisher phase. The diets were as follows: control commercial diet (CTR group) and CTR diet supplemented (2 g/kg) with OAE (O group). Samples of ileum and caecum from the two groups were examined by conventional histochemistry to analyze complex carbohydrates and by immunohistochemistry to detect Bcl-2 Associate X protein (BAX), an indicator of oxidative stress. Glyco-histochemistry showed significant differences between the two groups. Immunohistochemistry revealed a lower presence of BAX in O group. The OAE supplementation improved the production of glycoconjugates, able to enhance in pig the protection of intestinal mucosa by means of direct and indirect defense actions. The reduced BAX immunostaining observed in O group may be an indicator of enhanced antioxidant action promoted by oregano. The results of this study can be used in further research to identify ways to improve endogenous defence ability, with the aim of reducing antibiotic use and preventing antimicrobial resistance.
在牛至的特性中，其抗氧化和抗菌作用尤其有趣。牛至还能诱导肠道产生更高的糖缀合物，从而形成抵抗微生物的物理屏障。本研究在育肥期向两组同质猪的饮食中添加牛至水提物（OAE），评估其效果。日粮如下：对照商业日粮（CTR 组）和添加 2g/kg OAE 的 CTR 日粮（O 组）。通过常规组织化学分析和免疫组织化学分析对两组回肠和盲肠样本进行分析，以分析复杂碳水化合物，并检测 Bcl-2 相关 X 蛋白（BAX），这是氧化应激的一个指标。糖组织化学显示两组之间存在显著差异。免疫组织化学显示 O 组中 BAX 的存在较少。OAE 补充剂改善了糖缀合物的产生，能够通过直接和间接防御作用增强猪肠道黏膜的保护。O 组中观察到的 BAX 免疫染色减少可能是牛至增强抗氧化作用的指标。本研究的结果可用于进一步研究，以确定提高内源性防御能力的方法，目的是减少抗生素的使用和防止抗微生物药物耐药性。
