Teli Nilesh P, Timko Michael P
Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Gilmer Hall 044, VA USA.
Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 2004;79(2):125-145. doi: 10.1007/s11240-004-0653-0.
In recent years there has been a dramatic increase in the application of plant biotechnology for the production of a variety of commercially valuable simple and complex biological molecules (biologics) for use in human and animal healthcare. Transgenic whole plants and plant cell culture systems have been developed that have the capacity to economically produce large-scale quantities of antibodies and antibody fragments, antigens and/or vaccine epitopes, metabolic enzymes, hormones, (neuro)peptides and a variety of biologically active complexes and secondary metabolites for direct use as therapeutic agents or diagnostic tools in the medical healthcare industry. As the products of genetically modified plants make their way from concept to commercialization the associated risks and acceptance by the public has been become a focal point. In this paper, we summarize the recent advances made in the use of transgenic plants and plant cell cultures as biological factories for the production of human therapeutics and biopharmaceuticals and discuss the long-term potential of `molecular farming' as a low-cost, efficient method for the production of biological materials with demonstrated utility to the pharmaceutical industry or medical community.
近年来，植物生物技术在生产用于人类和动物医疗保健的各种具有商业价值的简单和复杂生物分子（生物制品）方面的应用急剧增加。已经开发出转基因完整植物和植物细胞培养系统，它们有能力经济地大规模生产抗体和抗体片段、抗原和/或疫苗表位、代谢酶、激素、（神经）肽以及各种生物活性复合物和次生代谢产物，可直接用作医疗保健行业的治疗剂或诊断工具。随着转基因植物产品从概念走向商业化，其相关风险以及公众的接受度已成为焦点。在本文中，我们总结了利用转基因植物和植物细胞培养作为生物工厂生产人类治疗药物和生物制药的最新进展，并讨论了“分子农业”作为一种低成本、高效生产对制药行业或医学界具有实用价值的生物材料的方法的长期潜力。
