Prommer Eric
UCLA/VA Hospice and Palliative Medicine Program, UCLA School of Medicine, 11301 Wilshire Blvd., Bldg. 500, Room 2064A, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
Palliat Care Soc Pract. 2020 Jan 13;14:2632352419895527. doi: 10.1177/2632352419895527. eCollection 2020.
Midazolam is a commonly used benzodiazepine in palliative care and is considered one of the four essential drugs needed for the promotion of quality care in dying patients. Acting on the benzodiazepine receptor, it promotes the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid. Gamma-aminobutyric acid action promotes sedative, anxiolytic, and anticonvulsant properties. Midazolam has a faster onset and shorter duration of action than other benzodiazepines such as diazepam and lorazepam lending itself to greater flexibility in dosing than other benzodiazepines. The kidneys excrete midazolam and its active metabolite. Metabolism occurs in the liver by the P450 system. This article examines the pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, and clinical uses of midazolam in palliative care.
咪达唑仑是姑息治疗中常用的苯二氮䓬类药物，被认为是促进临终患者优质护理所需的四种基本药物之一。它作用于苯二氮䓬受体，促进γ-氨基丁酸的作用。γ-氨基丁酸的作用可促进镇静、抗焦虑和抗惊厥特性。与地西泮和劳拉西泮等其他苯二氮䓬类药物相比，咪达唑仑起效更快、作用持续时间更短，与其他苯二氮䓬类药物相比，其给药具有更大的灵活性。肾脏排泄咪达唑仑及其活性代谢物。代谢在肝脏中通过P450系统进行。本文探讨了咪达唑仑在姑息治疗中的药理学、药效学和临床应用。
