Tolba Ayman, Fargali Haithem A, Daghash Samer Mohamed
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt.
Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt.
J Adv Vet Anim Res. 2019 Dec 4;7(1):56-61. doi: 10.5455/javar.2020.g393. eCollection 2020 Mar.
Current study aimed for documenting a rare case in buffalo calves in Egypt about embryogenesis anomalies followed by dystocia.
The stillborn calf was preserved using Elnady technique. The twin was radio-graphed in ventrodorsal position and several digital images were taken due to large size of the twin and were stitched together using Adobe Photoshop. The preserved twin specimen was kept in a wooden glass cabinet at the Anatomy Museum, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University with a booklet described the case and a video CD for dystocia operation steps in cows and buffalos.
The external features of the twin were classified as dicephalus, tetrabrachius, Parapagus, and bipus. Radiographic study showed that the twin had two vertebral columns that converged at the lumbosacral region to come adjacent to each other with absence of sacrum and coccygeal vertebrae. The trunk cavities showed two sets of heart and lung, two stomachs; left one in the abdominal cavity and the right one in thoracic cavity. The two duodenum fused together to form one set of intestine terminated in persistent cloaca with the two ureters originated from the single set of two kidneys. It had one fused liver received the two umbilical veins and had two gall bladders.
The present study recommended the preservation of rare specimens using Elnady technique for long term to facilitate student's interaction with one of the rarest cases in buffalo that causes dystocia.
本研究旨在记录埃及水牛犊中一例罕见的胚胎发生异常并伴有难产的病例。
死产犊牛采用埃尔纳迪技术保存。对双胞胎进行腹背位X线摄影，由于双胞胎体型较大，拍摄了几张数字图像，并使用Adobe Photoshop将其拼接在一起。保存的双胞胎标本保存在开罗大学兽医学院解剖博物馆的木制玻璃柜中，配有一本描述该病例的小册子和一张牛和水牛难产手术步骤的视频光盘。
双胞胎的外部特征分类为双头、四臂、联体双胎和双臀。影像学研究表明，双胞胎有两根脊柱，在腰骶部汇合并彼此相邻，骶骨和尾椎缺失。躯干腔显示有两组心脏和肺、两个胃；一个在腹腔左侧，另一个在胸腔右侧。两根十二指肠融合在一起形成一组肠道，末端为持续性泄殖腔，两条输尿管起源于一组双肾。它有一个融合的肝脏，接受两条脐静脉，并有两个胆囊。
本研究建议长期使用埃尔纳迪技术保存罕见标本，以便学生与水牛中导致难产的最罕见病例之一进行互动。
