Khan Shakirullah, Khan Imdad Ullah, Khan Alam Zeb, Zaman Shahid, Majid Abdul, Rehman Atiq Ur, Khan Mumtaz Ali, Maris Hamza, Ullah Rahman, Qureshi Subhan
Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan.
Livestock Research and Development Station, Paharpur, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan.
J Adv Vet Anim Res. 2020 Feb 21;7(1):170-176. doi: 10.5455/javar.2020.g407. eCollection 2020 Mar.
Sheep farming is an important source of livelihood in the southern Khyber Pakhtun Khwa province of Pakistan where they are reared under extensive system (ES). This system has limitations of improper feeding, rearing, and management which negatively affect their productivity. The present study compares different rearing systems and their stresses on fertility, behavior, and growth rate potential of two sheep breeds of Pakistan.
Eighty ewes were selected; forty each from Damani and Balkhi breeds reared in semi-intensive system (SIS) and ES at Paharpur district, Dera Ismail Khan. Blood samples were collected in triplicate on days 0, 14, and 28 of May, and the molecular and behavioral stress, growth, and fertility rates were recorded.
The highest growth and fertility rate were observed in both the breeds in SIS than in ES ( < 0.01). The values of stress indicators (cortisol, heat shock protein (HSP-70)) and behavioral stress parameters were found lower in Damani breed as compared to Balkhi breed in both rearing systems ( < 0.01). All the molecular stress and behavioral stress parameters were negatively associated with metabolic hormones (T3 and T4) ( < 0.01). A positive correlation was observed among all the molecular stress and behavioral stress parameters ( < 0.01). Similarly, T3 and T4 were positively interlinked to one another ( < 0.01).
It was concluded that both Damani and Balkhi sheep showed lower stress levels and better fertility and growth parameter in SIS than ES system of rearing. Local Damani breed exhibited well tolerant ability and genetic adaptation to the local environment as compared to Balkhi breed.
在巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省南部，养羊是一项重要的生计来源，当地的绵羊采用粗放式养殖系统（ES）饲养。这种养殖系统存在饲养、培育和管理不当的问题，对绵羊的生产力产生负面影响。本研究比较了不同的养殖系统及其对巴基斯坦两个绵羊品种的繁殖力、行为和生长速度潜力的影响。
选取80只母羊，其中40只来自达马尼品种，40只来自巴尔基品种，在德拉伊斯梅尔汗县帕哈普尔地区采用半集约式养殖系统（SIS）和粗放式养殖系统（ES）饲养。在5月的第0天、第14天和第28天采集血样，共采集三次，并记录分子和行为应激、生长及繁殖率。
在半集约式养殖系统（SIS）中，两个品种的绵羊生长和繁殖率均高于粗放式养殖系统（ES）（P<0.01）。在两种养殖系统中，达马尼品种的应激指标（皮质醇、热休克蛋白（HSP-70））值和行为应激参数均低于巴尔基品种（P<0.01）。所有分子应激和行为应激参数均与代谢激素（T3和T4）呈负相关（P<0.01）。所有分子应激和行为应激参数之间均呈正相关（P<0.01）。同样，T3和T4之间也呈正相关（P<0.01）。
研究得出结论，与粗放式养殖系统（ES）相比，达马尼和巴尔基绵羊在半集约式养殖系统（SIS）中的应激水平较低，繁殖力和生长参数更好。与巴尔基品种相比，当地的达马尼品种对当地环境表现出更好的耐受能力和遗传适应性。
