Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.
Health Administration Center, and United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
J Diabetes Investig. 2020 Sep;11(5):1207-1214. doi: 10.1111/jdi.13260. Epub 2020 May 4.
AIMS/INTRODUCTION: Although moderate alcohol consumption lowers the risk of type 2 diabetes in European populations, the same cannot be assumed for Japanese patients with diabetes related to low insulin secretion rather than resistance. We aimed to evaluate the effects of daily alcohol consumption on glucose tolerance and diabetes development risk in Japanese populations.
This retrospective study randomly enrolled 452 men and 659 women aged 40-78 years in 2005 (Gifu, Japan). The participants completed a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and medical questionnaire. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function and insulinogenic index were used to estimate insulin sensitivity and secretion. The relationships between alcohol consumption and these parameters were analyzed using logistic regression after adjusting for potential confounders. The 5-year changes in hemoglobin A1c levels were also evaluated.
The adjusted odds ratios for elevated homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function values (<40%) in the 0-19.9 g/day, 20.0-39.9 g/day and ≥ 40 g/day alcohol consumption groups were 0.98, 1.46 and 2.68, respectively. Alcohol consumption induced a significant decrease in the insulin secretion level among the ≥40 g/day drinkers, especially in men. However, there was no risk of increased insulin resistance based on the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (<2.5) results. The 5-year risk of elevated hemoglobin A1c levels (≥6.5%) was increased according to increase in alcohol consumption in both men and women.
Daily alcohol consumption was associated with reduced insulin secretion and an increased diabetes development risk in Japanese populations.
目的/引言：尽管适量饮酒可降低欧洲人群 2 型糖尿病的风险，但对于胰岛素分泌不足而非抵抗引起糖尿病的日本患者，情况则未必如此。我们旨在评估日本人群中每日饮酒对葡萄糖耐量和糖尿病发病风险的影响。
这项回顾性研究于 2005 年随机纳入了 452 名男性和 659 名年龄在 40-78 岁的日本女性（岐阜，日本）。参与者完成了 75g 口服葡萄糖耐量试验和医学问卷调查。采用稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗、稳态模型评估 β 细胞功能和胰岛素生成指数来估计胰岛素敏感性和分泌。在调整潜在混杂因素后，采用 logistic 回归分析饮酒量与这些参数之间的关系。还评估了血红蛋白 A1c 水平在 5 年内的变化。
调整后的比值比（OR）显示，在 0-19.9g/天、20.0-39.9g/天和≥40g/天饮酒组中，β 细胞功能值升高（<40%）的 OR 分别为 0.98、1.46 和 2.68。饮酒导致≥40g/天饮酒者的胰岛素分泌水平显著降低，尤其是男性。然而，根据胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（<2.5）结果，并没有发生胰岛素抵抗增加的风险。在男性和女性中，随着饮酒量的增加，血红蛋白 A1c 水平升高（≥6.5%）的 5 年风险也随之增加。
日本人群中，每日饮酒与胰岛素分泌减少和糖尿病发病风险增加有关。
