皮肤伤口愈合评估的实验模型与方法

Experimental models and methods for cutaneous wound healing assessment.

作者信息

Masson-Meyers Daniela S, Andrade Thiago A M, Caetano Guilherme F, Guimaraes Francielle R, Leite Marcel N, Leite Saulo N, Frade Marco Andrey C

机构信息

Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.

Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

出版信息

Int J Exp Pathol. 2020 Feb;101(1-2):21-37. doi: 10.1111/iep.12346. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Abstract

Wound healing studies are intricate, mainly because of the multifaceted nature of the wound environment and the complexity of the healing process, which integrates a variety of cells and repair phases, including inflammation, proliferation, reepithelialization and remodelling. There are a variety of possible preclinical models, such as in mice, rabbits and pigs, which can be used to mimic acute or impaired for example, diabetic and nutrition-related wounds. These can be induced by many different techniques, with excision or incision being the most common. After determining a suitable model for a study, investigators need to select appropriate and reproducible methods that will allow the monitoring of the wound progression over time. The assessment can be performed by non-invasive protocols such as wound tracing, photographic documentation (including image analysis), biophysical techniques and/or by invasive protocols that will require wound biopsies. In this article, we provide an overview of some of the most often needed and used: (a) preclinical/animal models including incisional, excisional, burn and impaired wounds; (b) methods to evaluate the healing progression such as wound healing rate, wound analysis by image, biophysical assessment, histopathological, immunological and biochemical assays. The aim is to help researchers during the design and execution of their wound healing studies.

摘要

伤口愈合研究错综复杂,主要是因为伤口环境具有多面性,且愈合过程复杂,该过程整合了多种细胞和修复阶段,包括炎症、增殖、再上皮化和重塑。有多种可能的临床前模型,如小鼠、兔子和猪的模型,可用于模拟急性伤口或受损伤口,例如糖尿病相关伤口和营养相关伤口。这些伤口可以通过许多不同的技术诱导产生,其中切除或切开是最常见的方法。在确定适合某项研究的模型后,研究人员需要选择合适且可重复的方法,以便随时间监测伤口的进展情况。评估可以通过非侵入性方案进行,如伤口追踪、摄影记录(包括图像分析)、生物物理技术,和/或通过需要伤口活检的侵入性方案进行。在本文中,我们概述了一些最常用的方法:(a)临床前/动物模型,包括切开伤、切除伤、烧伤和受损伤口;(b)评估愈合进展的方法,如伤口愈合率、图像伤口分析、生物物理评估、组织病理学、免疫学和生化检测。目的是在研究人员设计和开展伤口愈合研究时为其提供帮助。

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