Yu Xin, Pei Wei, Li Bei, Sun Shengrong, Li Wenge, Wu Qi
Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China.
Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
Int J Biol Sci. 2025 Jan 6;21(3):910-939. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.100948. eCollection 2025.
Aging is associated with a decline in immune function, termed immunosenescence, which compromises host defences and increases susceptibility to infections and cancer. Physical exercise is widely recognized for its myriad health benefits, including the potential to modulate the immune system. This review explores the bidirectional relationship between immunosenescence and physical exercise, focusing on their interplay in shaping antitumor immunity. We summarize the impact of aging on innate and adaptive immune cells, highlighting alterations that contribute to immunosenescence and cancer development. We further delineate the effects of exercise on immune cell function, demonstrating its potential to mitigate immunosenescence and enhance antitumor responses. We also discuss the implications of immunosenescence for the efficacy of immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive T cell therapy, and explore the potential benefits of combining exercise with these interventions. Collectively, this review underscores the importance of understanding the complex relationship between immunosenescence, physical exercise, and antitumor immunity, paving the way for the development of innovative strategies to improve cancer outcomes in the aging population.
衰老与免疫功能下降有关，即免疫衰老，这会损害宿主防御能力并增加感染和患癌易感性。体育锻炼因其诸多健康益处而被广泛认可，包括调节免疫系统的潜力。本综述探讨免疫衰老与体育锻炼之间的双向关系，重点关注它们在塑造抗肿瘤免疫中的相互作用。我们总结了衰老对固有免疫细胞和适应性免疫细胞的影响，强调了导致免疫衰老和癌症发展的改变。我们进一步阐述了运动对免疫细胞功能的影响，证明其减轻免疫衰老和增强抗肿瘤反应的潜力。我们还讨论了免疫衰老对免疫疗法（如免疫检查点抑制剂和过继性T细胞疗法）疗效的影响，并探讨将运动与这些干预措施相结合的潜在益处。总体而言，本综述强调了理解免疫衰老、体育锻炼和抗肿瘤免疫之间复杂关系的重要性，为制定创新策略以改善老年人群癌症治疗结果铺平了道路。
