Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2021 Aug 2;11(8):a038448. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a038448.
Most currently used conventional influenza vaccines are based on 1940s technology. Advances in vaccine immunogen design and delivery emerging over the last decade promise new options for improving influenza vaccines. In addition, new technologies for immune profiling provide better-defined immune correlates of protection and precise surrogate biomarkers for vaccine evaluations. Major technological advances include single-cell analysis, high-throughput antibody discovery, next-generation sequencing of antibody gene transcripts, antibody ontogeny, structure-guided immunogen design, nanoparticle display, delivery and formulation options, and better adjuvants. In this review, we provide our prospective outlook for improved influenza vaccines in the foreseeable future.
目前大多数常用的常规流感疫苗都是基于 20 世纪 40 年代的技术。过去十年中出现的疫苗免疫原设计和传递方面的进展，有望为改进流感疫苗提供新的选择。此外，用于免疫分析的新技术提供了更明确的保护免疫相关因素和疫苗评估的精确替代生物标志物。主要技术进步包括单细胞分析、高通量抗体发现、抗体基因转录本的下一代测序、抗体个体发生、基于结构的免疫原设计、纳米颗粒展示、传递和配方选择，以及更好的佐剂。在这篇综述中，我们对可预见的未来改进型流感疫苗提出了前瞻性展望。
