Afrand Mahboobeh, Sourinejad Iman, Fazeli Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh, Akbarzadeh Arash, Yeganeh Laleh Parsa, Sadeghi Maryam, Azarbaijani Reza
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Zootaxa. 2020 Feb 20;4742(2):zootaxa.4742.2.10. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4742.2.10.
Validation of species using independent lines of evidence is sometimes desirable when their identification using only one approach is difficult or questionable. The identification of anchovies (Engraulidae) are often challenging based on morphology because closely related species exhibit only slight morphological differentiation. This study utilized morphological characteristics and DNA barcodes for identification and validation of anchovies in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Based on morphology, we identified eight species: Thryssa hamiltonii, T. setirostris, T. vitrirostris, T. whiteheadi, T. dussumieri, Encrasicholina punctifer, E. pseudoheteroloba and Stolephorus indicus. A 658 bp region of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) was generated for 53 specimens from these eight species. From these sequences, we built a Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic tree. In this tree, each species forms a monophyletic group confirming our initial morphological identification. In addition, we provided (and registered in GenBank) the first barcode sequences for T. whiteheadi, an endemic species of this region. Interspecies genetic distances were comprised between 0.168 to 0.275. The largest genetic distance was found between T. vitrirostris and S. indicus and the smallest between T. dussumieri and T. whiteheadi. This study successfully identified eight species of anchovies in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea based on both morphological and molecular characters.
当仅使用一种方法进行物种鉴定困难或存在疑问时，有时需要使用独立的证据线来验证物种。由于形态上相近的物种仅表现出轻微的形态差异，基于形态学对鳀科鱼类进行鉴定往往具有挑战性。本研究利用形态特征和DNA条形码对波斯湾和阿曼海的鳀科鱼类进行鉴定和验证。基于形态学，我们鉴定出了8个物种：汉氏棱鳀、长吻棱鳀、玻璃吻棱鳀、惠氏棱鳀、杜氏棱鳀、斑鰶、拟异叶鰶和印度侧带小公鱼。从这8个物种的53个标本中扩增出了线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）的658 bp区域。根据这些序列，我们构建了最大似然系统发育树。在这棵树中，每个物种都形成了一个单系群，证实了我们最初的形态学鉴定。此外，我们提供了（并在GenBank中注册）惠氏棱鳀的首个条形码序列，该物种是该地区的特有物种。种间遗传距离在0.168至0.275之间。玻璃吻棱鳀和印度侧带小公鱼之间的遗传距离最大，杜氏棱鳀和惠氏棱鳀之间的遗传距离最小。本研究基于形态学和分子特征成功鉴定出了波斯湾和阿曼海的8种鳀科鱼类。
