J Phys Act Health. 2020 May 1;17(5):566-574. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0303.
Regular physical activity is of paramount importance to reduce chronic disease risk. Classical ballet training requires balance, strength, and range of motion. Participation in social ballet classes is increasing. Ballet training interventions may be an alternative method of regular, enjoyable activity. This review aimed to determine the effectiveness of classical ballet training interventions on physical and psychological health.
Ten databases were searched until April 2019. The included studies investigated classical ballet training interventions of a ≥4-week duration, on any population (no restrictions on experience and clinical condition), measuring physical health or psychological outcomes.
Twenty-three studies (25 intervention groups) were included, comprising experienced (19 groups) and novice dancers (6 groups). In experienced populations, muscular strength was the most commonly reported outcome. However, only 25% of these studies reported improvements. With novice dancers, including clinical populations, balance showed the most positive change, improving in 75% of studies that reported this measure.
Classical ballet training may improve balance in novices and maintain physical activity across the life span. Experienced dancers showed no further improvement, perhaps due to an already greater ability. There was large heterogeneity between the included studies. A greater focus on classical ballet interventions for inexperienced populations is required.
有规律的身体活动对于降低慢性病风险至关重要。古典芭蕾训练需要平衡、力量和运动范围。参与社交芭蕾课程的人数正在增加。芭蕾训练干预可能是一种定期进行、令人愉悦的活动的替代方法。本综述旨在确定古典芭蕾训练干预对身心健康的有效性。
直到 2019 年 4 月，我们在 10 个数据库中进行了搜索。纳入的研究调查了持续时间≥4 周的古典芭蕾训练干预措施，研究对象为任何人群（不受经验和临床状况限制），测量身体健康或心理结果。
共纳入 23 项研究（25 个干预组），包括有经验的舞者（19 组）和新手舞者（6 组）。在有经验的人群中，肌肉力量是最常报告的结果。然而，只有 25%的研究报告有改善。对于新手舞者，包括临床人群，平衡显示出最积极的变化，在报告这一指标的 75%的研究中都得到了改善。
古典芭蕾训练可能会提高新手的平衡能力，并保持整个生命周期的身体活动水平。有经验的舞者没有进一步的改善，也许是因为他们已经有了更强的能力。纳入的研究之间存在很大的异质性。需要更加关注针对无经验人群的古典芭蕾干预措施。
