Luo Xue-Mei, Meng Jie-Qin, Chen Xiu-Fen, Xu Qing, Zhang Fan, Yang Yao-Jun
School of Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488,China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2019 Dec;44(23):5114-5117. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20190920.101.
Leech has a good anticoagulant activity and is one of the raw materials for treatment of many cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This study was based on in vitro anticoagulant experiments( APTT and PT) to investigate the effects of lead contamination on the anticoagulant effect of leech. At present,the Hirudo circulating in the market are dominated by Whitmania pigra,therefore Wh. pigra were cultivated under a different lead pollution for 50 days. Then,the effects of Wh. pigra extract,extracting from different cultivating environment,on activated partial thrombin time( APTT) and prothrombin time( PT) were determined by automatic coagulation instrument. The results showed that the Wh. pigra extract significantly prolonged the APTT compared with the saline group.The APTT of the lead-high residual Wh. pigra was shorter than that of the blank Wh. pigra. The Wh. pigra extracts from different treatment groups had little effect on PT. The results showed that the lead residue in the Wh. pigra increased with the increase of lead in the cultured soil,the lead residual of the Pb-H group was( 10. 66±2. 79) mg·kg~(-1),which exceeded the lead limit specified in the 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The results indicated that growth environment pollution is one of the important factors causing excessive lead in Wh. pigra. Lead pollution will reduce the anticoagulant effect of Wh. pigra and affect its clinical efficacy.
水蛭具有良好的抗凝活性，是治疗多种心脑血管疾病的原料之一。本研究基于体外抗凝实验（活化部分凝血活酶时间和凝血酶原时间）来探讨铅污染对水蛭抗凝作用的影响。目前，市场上流通的水蛭以宽体金线蛭为主，因此将宽体金线蛭在不同铅污染条件下养殖50天。然后，用自动凝血仪测定从不同养殖环境中提取的宽体金线蛭提取物对活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）和凝血酶原时间（PT）的影响。结果表明，与生理盐水组相比，宽体金线蛭提取物显著延长了APTT。高铅残留宽体金线蛭的APTT短于空白宽体金线蛭。不同处理组的宽体金线蛭提取物对PT影响较小。结果显示，宽体金线蛭中的铅残留量随着养殖土壤中铅含量的增加而增加，铅高剂量组的铅残留量为（10.66±2.79）mg·kg-1，超过了2015年版《中国药典》规定的铅限量。结果表明，生长环境污染是导致宽体金线蛭铅超标 的重要因素之一。铅污染会降低宽体金线蛭的抗凝作用，影响其临床疗效。
