Robertson Jessica A, Guzman David Sanchez-Migallon, Graham James L, Stanhope Kimber L, Douglas Jamie M, Havel Peter J, Beaufrère Hugues, Knych Heather, Tully Thomas N, Paul-Murphy Joanne R
William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA,
J Avian Med Surg. 2020 Mar 29;34(1):32-40. doi: 10.1647/1082-6742-34.1.32.
Atorvastatin is a synthetic statin administered in its active form and used for the treatment of dyslipidemias. In the current study, the effects of atorvastatin were evaluated on plasma lipid profiles and the potential for adverse effects after once daily PO dosing of atorvastatin for 30 days in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (). Sixteen adult parrots (10 female, 6 male) with hypercholesterolemia were used for this study. Birds were assigned to 2 groups (treatment and control) of 8 parrots each (3 male, 5 female) after balancing for age, sex, originating institution, and baseline plasma cholesterol values. Compounded atorvastatin oral suspension (10 mg/kg) was administered PO once daily via gavage into the crop. Equivalent volumes of placebo suspension were administered to the control group. Plasma biochemistry and plasma lipid profile analysis (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], and triglycerides [TGs]) were analyzed on days 0, 14, and 30. Plasma samples and HDL-C fractions were evaluated for cholesterol and TG concentrations via enzymatic assays. Subtraction of HDL-C values from total cholesterol yielded the non-HDL-C concentration for each bird. Birds were routinely assessed for appetite, activity, and urofeces. Plasma atorvastatin concentrations were obtained from 7 of 8 birds in the treatment group from banked samples. Those samples were obtained on days 14 and 30, with drug administration 6 to 8 hours before collection. No significant differences were observed in total cholesterol, HDL-C, non-HDL-C, or TG between treatment and control groups at days 0, 14, and 30. Plasma atorvastatin concentrations were variable on day 14 (0.54-5.41 ng/ mL for 6 of 7 samples, with 1 outlier of 307 ng/mL) and on day 30 (0.79-6.74 ng/mL). No adverse effects were noted in any of the birds during the study period. When dosed PO at 10 mg/kg once daily, atorvastatin did not result in significant changes to plasma lipid profiles (eg, lowering of plasma total or non-HDL-C concentrations) at any time point during this study. Future studies to investigate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of atorvastatin in parrots may require increased doses and/or frequency of administration.
阿托伐他汀是一种以活性形式给药的合成他汀类药物，用于治疗血脂异常。在本研究中，评估了阿托伐他汀对西班牙亚马逊鹦鹉每日口服给药30天的血脂谱的影响以及不良反应的可能性。16只患有高胆固醇血症的成年鹦鹉（10只雌性，6只雄性）用于本研究。在平衡年龄、性别、来源机构和基线血浆胆固醇值后，将鸟类分为2组（治疗组和对照组），每组8只鹦鹉（3只雄性，5只雌性）。将复方阿托伐他汀口服混悬液（10mg/kg）通过灌胃法每日一次经口给予嗉囊。给对照组给予等量的安慰剂混悬液。在第0、14和30天分析血浆生化和血脂谱分析（总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇[HDL-C]、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[LDL-C]和甘油三酯[TGs]）。通过酶法测定血浆样品和HDL-C组分中的胆固醇和TG浓度。从总胆固醇中减去HDL-C值得出每只鸟的非HDL-C浓度。定期评估鸟类的食欲、活动和尿粪情况。从治疗组8只鸟中的7只保存样本中获得血浆阿托伐他汀浓度。这些样本在第14天和第30天采集，给药后6至8小时收集。在第0、14和30天，治疗组和对照组之间的总胆固醇、HDL-C、非HDL-C或TG没有观察到显著差异。第14天血浆阿托伐他汀浓度变化较大（7个样本中的6个为0.54-5.41ng/mL，1个异常值为307ng/mL），第30天为0.79-6.74ng/mL。在研究期间，任何鸟类均未观察到不良反应。在本研究中，当以10mg/kg的剂量每日一次经口给药时，阿托伐他汀在任何时间点均未导致血脂谱的显著变化（例如，血浆总胆固醇或非HDL-C浓度降低）。未来研究阿托伐他汀在鹦鹉中的药代动力学和药效学特性可能需要增加剂量和/或给药频率。
