Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA.
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA.
Am J Vet Res. 2023 Dec 4;85(1). doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.10.0227. Print 2024 Jan 1.
To evaluate the plasma concentrations and determine pharmacokinetic parameters of atorvastatin and its primary active metabolites (para- and ortho-hydroxyatorvastatin) after administration of a single oral dose in orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica).
8 adult orange-winged Amazon parrots (4 male, 4 female) of varying ages.
A compounded oral suspension of atorvastatin 10 mg/mL was administered via oral gavage at 20 mg/kg to each bird. Blood samples were collected at 10 different time points from 0 to 30 hours postadministration to evaluate plasma levels of atorvastatin, para-hydroxyatorvastatin, and ortho-hydroxyatorvastatin. Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using noncompartmental analysis and commercially available software.
Mean ± SD atorvastatin half-life, tmax, and Cmax were 5.96 ± 11.50 hours, 1.60 ± 0.80 hours, and 82.60 ± 58.30 ng/mL, respectively. For para-hydroxyatorvastatin, the half-life, tmax, and Cmax were 6.46 ± 54.20 hours, 5.00 ± 2.51 hours, and 34.10 ± 16.00 ng/mL, respectively, and 5.58 ± 9.92 hours, 3.38 ± 2.10 hours, and 7.35 ± 3.96 ng/mL for ortho-hydroxyatorvastatin.
The plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic profile shown support the therapeutic use of atorvastatin at the dose evaluated in this species based on human pharmacokinetic data. While 20 mg/kg PO q24 hours could be used as a starting dosage until further studies evaluating multiple dose administration and efficacy in this species become available, the high interindividual variability results warrant monitoring of the treatment response to make dosing adjustments if needed.
评估单剂量口服给药后橙翅亚马逊鹦鹉（Amazona amazonica）体内阿托伐他汀及其主要活性代谢物（对羟基阿托伐他汀和邻羟基阿托伐他汀）的血浆浓度并确定其药代动力学参数。
8 只不同年龄的成年橙翅亚马逊鹦鹉（4 雄，4 雌）。
通过口服管饲法以 20 mg/kg 的剂量给予每只鸟 10 mg/mL 的阿托伐他汀复合口服混悬液。在给药后 0 至 30 小时内采集 10 个不同时间点的血样，以评估阿托伐他汀、对羟基阿托伐他汀和邻羟基阿托伐他汀的血浆水平。使用非房室分析和市售软件进行药代动力学分析。
阿托伐他汀的平均±SD 半衰期、tmax 和 Cmax 分别为 5.96 ± 11.50 小时、1.60 ± 0.80 小时和 82.60 ± 58.30 ng/mL。对于对羟基阿托伐他汀，半衰期、tmax 和 Cmax 分别为 6.46 ± 54.20 小时、5.00 ± 2.51 小时和 34.10 ± 16.00 ng/mL，而邻羟基阿托伐他汀的半衰期、tmax 和 Cmax 分别为 5.58 ± 9.92 小时、3.38 ± 2.10 小时和 7.35 ± 3.96 ng/mL。
根据人类药代动力学数据，本研究中显示的血浆浓度和药代动力学特征支持在该物种中以评估剂量使用阿托伐他汀进行治疗。虽然 20 mg/kg PO q24 小时可以作为起始剂量，直到在该物种中获得评估多次剂量给药和疗效的进一步研究结果，但高个体间变异性结果需要监测治疗反应，以便在需要时进行剂量调整。
