Novel Devices in Heart Failure: BAT, Atrial Shunts, and Phrenic Nerve Stimulation.

The substantial burden of heart failure has inspired innovation in medical device development for decades, and this development continues to be a touchstone in the success story of combined medical and device therapy. Recently, baroreflex activation therapy, interatrial shunts, and phrenic nerve stimulation have shown promise in treating patients with heart failure. We seek to provide background about the design, function, and early clinical experience with these 3 novel heart failure devices. In addition, an understanding of the individual regulatory journey of these devices, some of which is ongoing, is informative for future device development and clinical use.