Department of Pediatrics and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz, Poland.
Department of Biological and Environmental Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020 Jul;125(1):84-89. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.03.022. Epub 2020 Mar 31.
Environmental chemicals, such as phthalates, phenols, and parabens, may affect children's immune development and contribute to the risk of atopic diseases and asthma.
To evaluate the associations between prenatal and childhood phthalate exposure and atopic diseases in children at the age of 9 years.
This analysis is restricted to 145 mother-child pairs from the prospective Polish Mother and Child Cohort Study. Phthalate metabolite levels were assessed in the urine samples collected from mothers during the third trimester of pregnancy and from children at age of 2 and 9 years. For the appropriate recognition of children's health status, a questionnaire was administered to the mothers and completed with information from the medical record of each child. The clinical examination was performed by a pediatrician/allergist in the presence of the mother or a relative.
A higher urine concentration of mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate increased the risk of food allergy in children at the age of 9 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.75; 95% CI, 1.19-2.57; P = .004) and decreased the risk of atopic dermatitis (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.27-0.87; P = .02). For mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate, an increased risk of atopic dermatitis was observed (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.18-3.05; P = .008). A higher urine concentration of mono-benzyl phthalate increased the risk of asthma in children (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.08-2.58; P = .02), but the risk of asthma decreased when the concentration of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate was higher (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 10.43-0.97; P = .04).
Our study has not provided clear evidence of the negative effect of phthalate exposure during pregnancy and within the 9 years after birth on allergic diseases in children.
环境化学物质，如邻苯二甲酸酯、酚类和对羟基苯甲酸酯，可能会影响儿童的免疫发育，并增加患特应性疾病和哮喘的风险。
评估孕妇和儿童时期邻苯二甲酸酯暴露与 9 岁儿童特应性疾病之间的关系。
本分析仅限于前瞻性波兰母婴队列研究中的 145 对母婴。在孕妇妊娠晚期和儿童 2 岁和 9 岁时收集的尿液样本中检测邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物水平。为了正确识别儿童的健康状况，向母亲发放了一份调查问卷，并结合每个儿童的医疗记录完成了信息。儿科医生/过敏症专家在母亲或亲属在场的情况下对儿童进行了临床检查。
尿液中单-2-乙基-5-氧己基邻苯二甲酸酯浓度较高，增加了儿童 9 岁时食物过敏的风险（比值比 [OR]，1.75；95%置信区间 [CI]，1.19-2.57；P =.004），降低了特应性皮炎的风险（OR，0.49；95%CI，0.27-0.87；P =.02）。对于单-2-乙基-5-羟基己基邻苯二甲酸酯，观察到特应性皮炎的风险增加（OR，1.90；95%CI，1.18-3.05；P =.008）。尿液中单苄基邻苯二甲酸酯浓度升高会增加儿童患哮喘的风险（OR，1.67；95%CI，1.08-2.58；P =.02），但当单-2-乙基己基邻苯二甲酸酯浓度较高时，哮喘的风险会降低（OR，0.64；95%CI，10.43-0.97；P =.04）。
我们的研究没有提供明确的证据表明孕妇和儿童出生后 9 年内邻苯二甲酸酯暴露对儿童过敏疾病有负面影响。
