Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 1;21(7):2442. doi: 10.3390/ijms21072442.
Carbonic anhydrase is a ubiquitous metalloenzyme that catalyzes the reversible interconversion of CO/HCO. Equilibrium of these species is maintained by the action of carbonic anhydrase. Recent advances in magnetic resonance spectroscopy have allowed, for the first time, in vivo characterization of carbonic anhydrase in the human brain. In this article, we review the theories and techniques of in vivo C magnetization (saturation) transfer magnetic resonance spectroscopy as they are applied to measuring the rate of exchange between CO and HCO catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase. Inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase have a wide range of therapeutic applications. Role of carbonic anhydrases and their inhibitors in many diseases are also reviewed to illustrate future applications of in vivo carbonic anhydrase assessment by magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
碳酸酐酶是一种普遍存在的金属酶，能催化 CO/HCO 的可逆互变。碳酸酐酶的作用维持着这些物质的平衡。磁共振波谱学的最新进展首次允许对人类大脑中的碳酸酐酶进行体内特征描述。在本文中，我们综述了用于测量碳酸酐酶催化的 CO 和 HCO 之间交换速率的体内 C 磁化（饱和）转移磁共振波谱学的理论和技术。碳酸酐酶抑制剂具有广泛的治疗应用。还综述了碳酸酐酶及其抑制剂在许多疾病中的作用，以说明磁共振波谱学对体内碳酸酐酶评估的未来应用。
