Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China.
College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 20;17(6):2063. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17062063.
To solve the flood drainage conflict among different regions of the water basin when the flood occurs, it is of great significance to study the allocation of flood drainage rights. The allocation of flood drainage rights requires flood management departments to consider the influences of socioeconomic differences among different regions on flood control operations to realize sustainable development. Under the pattern of the total amount allocation of "watershed-administrative regions", the evaluation index system of flood drainage rights allocation incorporated four aspects: natural conditions, level of social development, level of economic development, and technology and management. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) was used to calculate the weight coefficient of each allocation index and the initial distribution's proportion of the total amount in each region. Land area, population, gross domestic product (GDP), and sewage treatment capacity were selected as the evaluation indexes of the environmental Gini coefficient, and the environmental Gini coefficient method was used to evaluate and adjust the initial allocation of each region. Taking the allocation of flood drainage rights in the Taihu Basin as a case study, the final allocation results were obtained after initial allocation and feedback optimization. By evaluating the environmental Gini coefficient of each evaluation index, it is concluded that the final allocation could meet the requirements of fair allocation in each administrative region and be effectively implemented. Optimal allocation of the flood drainage rights in the Taihu Basin can contribute to overall flood control management, the reduction of flood disasters, and the stable development of society in the basin.
为了解决流域内不同区域在洪灾发生时的洪水排水冲突，研究洪水排水权的分配具有重要意义。洪水排水权的分配要求洪水管理部门考虑不同地区社会经济差异对防洪作业的影响，以实现可持续发展。在“流域-行政区总量分配”模式下，洪水排水权分配的评价指标体系包括自然条件、社会发展水平、经济发展水平、技术和管理四个方面。采用模糊层次分析法（FAHP）计算各分配指标的权重系数和各区域总量初始分配的比例。选取土地面积、人口、国内生产总值（GDP）和污水处理能力作为环境基尼系数的评价指标，采用环境基尼系数法对各区域的初始分配进行评价和调整。以太湖流域洪水排水权分配为例，经过初始分配和反馈优化，得出最终分配结果。通过对各评价指标的环境基尼系数进行评价，得出最终分配结果能够满足各行政区公平分配的要求，并能有效实施。太湖流域洪水排水权的优化分配有助于流域整体防洪管理、减少洪灾以及流域社会的稳定发展。
